2015年5月翻译资格考试二级笔译实务真题及答案

2015 年 5 月翻译资格考试二级笔译实务真题及答案 Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points) Translate the following two passages into Chinese. Passage 1 Early Maori adapted the tropically based east Polynesian culture in line with the challenges associated with a larger and more diverse environment, eventually developing their own distinctive culture. The British and Irish immigrants brought aspects of their own culture to New Zealand and also influenced Maori culture. More recently American, Australian, Asian and other European cultures have exerted influence on New Zealand. New Zealand music has been influenced by blues, jazz, country, rock and roll and hip hop, with many of these genres given a unique New Zealand interpretation. Maori developed traditional chants and songs from their ancient South-East Asian origins, and after centuries of isolation created a unique “monotonous” and “doleful” sound. The number of New Zealand films significantly increased during the 1970s. In 1978 the New Zealand Film Commission started assisting local film-makers and many films attained a world audience, some receiving international acknowledgement. New Zealand television primarily broadcasts American and British programming, along with a large number of Australian and local shows. The country’s diverse scenery and compact size, plus government incentives, have encouraged some producers to film big budget movies in New Zealand. The Ministry for Culture and Heritage is government’s leading adviser on cultural matters. The Ministry funds, monitors and supports a range of cultural agencies and delivers a range of highquality cultural products and services. The Ministry provides advice to government on where to focus its interventions in the cultural sector. It seeks to ensure that funding is invested as effectively and efficiently as possible, and that government priorities are met. The Ministry has a strong track record of delivering high-quality publications, managing significant heritage and commemorations, and acting as guardian of New Zealand’s culture. The Ministry’s work prioritizes cultural outcomes and also supports educational, economic and social outcomes, linking with the work of a range of other government agencies Passage 2 Along a rugged, wide North Sea beach here on a recent day, children formed teams of eight to 10, taking their places beside mounds of sand carefully cordoned by tape. They had one hour for their sand castle competition. Some built fishlike structures, complete with scales. Others spent their time on elaborate ditch and dike labyrinths. Each castle was adorned on top with a white flag. Then they watched the sea invade and devour their work, seeing whose castle could withstand the tide longest. The last standing flag won. Theirs was no ordinary day at the beach, but a newly minted, state-sanctioned competition for schoolchildren to raise awareness of the dangers of rising sea levels in a country of precarious geography that has provided lessons for the world about water management, but that fears that its next generation will grow complacent. Fifty-five percent of the Netherlands is either below sea level or heavily flood-prone. Yet thanks to its renowned expertise and large water management budget (about 1.25 percent of gross domestic product), the Netherlands has averted catastrophe since a flooding disaster in 1953. Experts here say that they now worry that the famed Dutch water management system actually works too well and that citizens will begin to take for granted the nation’s success in staying dry. As global climate change threatens to raise sea levels by as much as four feet by the end of the century, the authorities here are working to make real to children the forecasts that may seem faroff, but that will shape their lives in adulthood and old age. “Everything works so smoothly that people don’t realize anymore that they are taking a risk in developing urban areas in low-lying areas,” said Hafkenscheid, the lead organizer of the competition and a water expert with the Foreign Ministry. Before the competition, the children, ages 6 to 11, were coached by experts in dike building and water management. Volunteers stood by, many of them freshly graduated civil engineers, giving last-minute advice on how best to battle the rising water. A recently released report by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development on water management in the Netherlands pointed to an “awareness gap” among Dutch citizens. The finding did much to get the sand castle contest off the ground. Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (50 points) Translate the following two passages into English. Passage 1 改革开放 30 多年来，西藏通过深化改革和扩大开放积极推动全区商业、对外贸易和旅游产 业加快发展，不仅增强了与内地的交流，同时也加强了与世界的联系和合作。 1993 年，西藏与全国一道开始建立“框架一致、体制衔接”的社会主义市场经济体制，深化 物资、粮食、日用消费品等 领域价格流通改革并全面进入市场。目前，西藏已经深深融入 全国统一的市场体系，来自全国和世界各地的商品源源不断地进入西藏，丰富着城乡市场 和百姓生活。 西藏的名、优、特产品及民族手工业产品，大量进入全国市场。 西藏与世界的经济联系日益密切。2012 年，全区进出口总额为 34.24 亿美元，是 1953 年 0.04 亿美元的 850 多倍，年均增长 12.1%。截至 2012 年底，西藏实际利用外资 4.7 亿美元。 西藏立足区位优势， 加强与印度、尼泊尔等周边国家的友好合作，实施面向南亚的陆路贸 易大通道建设，大力发展边境贸易。 Passage 2 近年来频发的自然灾害让全球深受其害。炎热的酷暑、狂暴的飓风、刺骨的严寒以及滔天 的洪水近乎成了“常客”，风调雨顺已被视为“奢侈品”。 世界各地的气象学家对此众说纷纭。有的说是全球变暖所致，有的说是大气环流异常，还 有的认为厄尔尼诺是罪魁祸首。 尽管如此，大多数学者都认同这样一个观点：全球气候变化速度正在加剧，极端灾害天气 今后无疑将更加频繁，并且其强度和范围都将走强。面对日益脆弱的全球气候，人类需要 更认真地思考，如何切实有效地规范自身活动，珍爱我们共同的家园。 未来极端危害天气将对相关的行业，如水利、农业、林业、能源、健康和旅游业等有更大 影响。同时，上述因素也为全球经济复苏带来更多变数。 参考译文 英译汉第一篇 译文： 早期的毛利人为应对一个更大更多元的环境所带来的挑战而改良了根植于热带地区的东波 利尼西亚文化，并最终形成了他们自己独特的文化。 来自英国和爱尔兰的移民讲他们各自的文化带到了新西兰，并且他们也影响了毛利文化。 在更近点的时期，美国文化、澳大利亚文化、亚洲文化和其他欧洲国家文化也对新西兰产 生了重要影响。 新西兰的音乐受到了蓝调音乐、爵士乐、乡村音乐、摇滚乐和嘻哈音乐的影响，而这些音 乐类型中有许多被赋予了新西兰人的独特解读。毛利人从他们古代的东南亚起源中发展出 了他们传统的吟唱和歌谣，在几个世纪的与世隔绝之后，他们造就出了一种独特的“单调” 而又“悲伤”的曲调。 新西兰影片的数量在上世纪 70 年代飙升。在 1978 年，新西兰电影委员会开始扶持本土电 影工作者，并且许多新西兰电影在全球范围都赢得了观众，一些电影甚至得到了国际认可。 新西兰电视主要播放美国和英国的节目，以及许多澳大利亚和本土的电视节目。该国多样 的风景、小而美的国土加之政府的鼓励措施已促使许多电影制作者到新西兰拍摄大投资电 影。 文化遗产部是政府文化事务的首要顾问。该部负责资助、监督、扶持各种文化机构，提供 各种优质的文化产品和文化服务。 英译汉第二篇 译文： 近日在诺德惠克，沿着一处宽阔而又崎岖的北海沙滩，孩子们 8 人到 10 人组成队伍，并在 用隔离带精心围起的沙堆旁各就各位。他们有一个小时来完成用沙子堆沙堡的比赛。有些 孩子堆出了像鱼一样的结构体，还带有鱼鳞。还有的孩子精心堆造复杂的沟渠和堤坝迷宫 每个沙堡在顶部都装饰有一面白旗。 然后，他们看着海水侵袭并吞噬他们的沙堡作品，看看到底谁的沙堡能在浪潮侵袭中撑的 最久。沙堡上的旗子竖立到最后的队伍获胜。 孩子们在沙滩上度过的这一天极不平凡，这天是国家批准的新设立的小学生沙堡比赛日， 该比赛只在提高荷兰人对海平面不断上升所带来的危险的意识。处于危险地理位置的荷兰 为世界各国提供了防洪管理的经验，但它同时也担心下一代国民会变得自满。 荷兰境内 55%的土地，要么低于海平面，要么极容易发生洪灾。不过，得益于荷兰人闻名 遐迩的治水经验和巨额的防洪管理预算（约占国内生产总值的 1.25%），荷兰自 1953 年洪 灾后再也没有遭受过洪灾。 这里的专家说，他们如今担心闻名遐迩的荷兰防洪管理体系实真是太过出色，以至于民众 开始想当然地认为荷兰不会被海水淹没。由于到本世纪末全球气候变化有可能致使海平面 上升高达四英尺，诺德惠克当局正是要让孩子们切身感受下这些看似很遥远却能决定他们 成年和老年生活的预测。 “一切都运转良好以至于人们不再有这样的意识：在低洼地区建设城区是在冒险，”哈夫肯 什德说道。他是这个比赛的主要组织者，也是外交部的水利专家。 汉译英第一篇 译文： Over the past 30 years or more, through reform and opening up, Tibet has been proactively promoting commerce, foreign trade and tourism. It has increased exchanges with other parts of China as well as communication and cooperation with foreign countries. In 1993 Tibet began to develop the socialist market economy with the rest of the country, growing into a new system within the same frame work. Reforms have been carried out in the pricing and circulation of goods and materials, grains,and consumer goods, all of which have entered the market system. Currently Tibet is incorporated into the national market system. Commodities from all over the nation and across the world keep flowing into Tibet, enriching the urban and rural markets as well as the lives of the people. At the same time,well-known and high-quality products with local characteristics and folk handcrafts are transported to other parts of the country in large quantities. Economically, Tibet is now more and more closely linked to the world. In 2012 the total volume of its foreign trade reached 3.424 billion U.S. dollars, more than 850 times that of1953, which stood at 4 million U.S. dollars, with an annual growth rate of 12.1percent. By the end of 2012 actualized foreign investment in Tibet was 470million U.S. dollars. Taking advantage of its geographical position, Tibet is building a “commodity passageway” to South Asia via the land route to promote border trade. 汉译英第二篇 译文一： Recent years have seen a higher frequency of natural disasters that have wrought havoc across the world. Extreme summer heat waves, violent hurricanes, bitter cold waves and devastating floods have almost become the norm, while normal weather has become a rarity. Meteorologists around the world have mixed views on the phenomenon. Some attribute it to global warming, some say abnormal atmospheric circulation are responsible for it, while others blame El Nino as the culprit. Despite their different views, most climate experts do share this point of view that the rate of global climate change is speeding up.,and that extreme weather occurrences are expected to increase in the future and become even greater both in their intensity and scope. In light of the worsening climatic conditions, we need to reflect on how to carry out our activities in an environment-friendly manner and cherish the Earth, our common homeland.