解放军文职招聘考试气候变化频加剧 湄公渔业很受伤1

 An estimated 60 million fishermen and farmers depend on the Mekong River for its rich nutrients and abundant fish. A new study by a group of scientists says by 2050 climate change could raise temperatures in parts of the Mekong basin twice as fast as the global average. That would intensify extreme weather events, such as flooding, and reduce fish and crop production, says study leader Jeremy Carew-Reid. "In Laos alone there're some 700 species that are used by families to sustain their livelihoods. We know so little about them." While some species will benefit from hotter climates, important crops such as coffee in Vietnam and rice in Thailand could be forced to move. But fish in the Mekong system, the largest inland fishery in the world, cannot relocate so easily and fish farming has already reached its environmentally sustainable capacity.

Some 30,000 man-made barriers, such as hydropower dams, compound the effects of climate change, says Carew-Reid. "When you take those in concert with climate change, we're looking at a pretty negative scenario for fisheries in the basin."

据估计，约有六千万渔民与农民依靠湄公河丰富的营养物质和鱼类储备维持生计。一些科学家进行了相关研究，其结果显示截至到2050年，由于气候变化，湄公河流域的气温升高的速度会是全球平均速度的两倍。研究组长杰里米·卡鲁里德说这将会助长极端气候频发，譬如洪涝灾害，并致使渔业和农作物减产。他说：“仅仅在老挝，就有700种左右的生物被用于维持家庭生计。我们对它们还所知甚少。”有些生物更加适宜气候变暧的环境，但是还有一些重要作物，比如越南的咖啡豆和泰国的稻谷，其种植地可能得迁往别处。湄公河流域是世界上最大的内陆渔区。它的地址无法轻易迁移，而且当地的渔业已经达到了可持续性环境容量上限。杰里米·卡鲁里德说大约三万座人工拦河屏障（比如水电大坝），加剧了气候变化的影响。他说：“当你发现这些因素会加剧气候变化的恶劣影响时，我们也仿佛可以预见该流域渔业黯淡的前景了。”