在意识清晰的基础上出现以下哪些妄想对诊断精神分裂症有特征性

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• 1在意识清晰的基础上出现以下哪些幻觉对诊断精神分裂症有特征性

  A.评议性幻听

  B.争论性幻听

  C.命令性幻听

  D.入睡前幻听

  E.噪声性幻听

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• 2精神分裂症患者常见的前驱期症状包括

  A.行为改变：如社交退缩或丧失兴趣，多疑敏感，社会功能水平下降等

  B.思维改变：如坚信不疑的认为周围的同事和朋友要陷害自己

  C.认知改变：出现一些古怪或异常观念，学习或工作能力下降等

  D.躯体改变：睡眠和食欲改变，乏力，活动和动机下降等

  E.情绪改变：抑郁，焦虑，情绪波动，易激惹等

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• 3Michaels parents are divorced；his father lives in a boarding house and has residual schizophreni

  A.What Symptoms are associated with this subtype of schizophreniaA.Flat affect，lack of motivation social isolation，lack of interest or pleasure in most things， hallucinations or delusions are not prominent

  B.Motoric immobility，waxy flexibility，stupor，negativism or mutism

  C.Persecutory delusions and frequent auditory hallucinations，in the absence of disorganised speech or behaviour or inappropriate affect

  D.Persecutory delusions and frequent auditory hallucinations，in the absence of disorganised speech or behaviour or inappropriate affect

  E.Manifested by two or more of the following：delusions，hallucinations，disorganized speech，grossly disorganized behavior，and negative symptoms

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• 4Smith believes that the devil has chosen him for a special mission in the Underworld.He refuses food saying that he has to be pure for his mission.He draws symbols on himself and the walls saying that this will show the way to the devil.Although he cannot explain why and how he was chosen，he cannot accept that his belief is illogical.What symptoms of schizophrenia is Michael showing

  A.Hallucinations

  B.Delusions

  C.Thought blocking

  D.Derealization

  E.Ideas of reference

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• 5A 55-year-old woman presents with 5 weeks of significant depression following the sudden death of her husband. She reports difficulty sleeping，a 5kg weight loss，frequent crying spells，and profound guilt over surviving her. For the last week，she has been convinced that her body is literally decaying. She admits to seeing her husbands face during the day，as well as hearing his voice telling her to kill herself and join him. Which of the following diagnosis is most likely

  A.Major depression with psychotic features

  B.Schizophrenia

  C.Schizoaffective disorder

  D.Adjustment disorder

  E.Psychosis secondary to a general medical condition

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• 6下列哪些症状对诊断精神分裂症有重要价值

  A.思维插入

  B.思维被夺

  C.思维被广播

  D.联想松弛

  E.强迫性思维

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• 7下列哪些症状对诊断精神分裂症有重要价值：

  A.情感淡漠

  B.情感不协调

  C.情绪低落

  D.情感高涨

  E.情绪焦虑恐惧

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• 8精神分裂症急性发作期的主要治疗方法有

  A.抗精神病药物

  B.认知心理治疗

  C.电抽搐治疗

  D.行为治疗

  E.大剂量安眠药注射

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• 9改善精神分裂症预后的措施有

  A.早期发现

  B.尽早使用抗精神病药物

  C.注意维持用药

  D.配合心理、家庭、社会治疗

  E.保证足够的住院时间

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• 10以下关于偏执性精神障碍的描述哪些是对的

  A.以系统的妄想为主要临床相

  B.病前多有特殊的个性缺陷

  C.多在一定的精神因素作用下逐渐起病

  D.妄想内容常有一定的现实性

  E.病程迁延不愈，易于导致人格衰退

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