解放军文职考试：过去分词短语作状语

过去分词短语作状语时表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，与谓语表示的动作或状态几乎是同时发生，或是先于谓语动词的动作发生，它的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。过去分词作状语一般都用逗号同其它成分隔开，常表时间，条件，原因，方式，伴随，让步等含义，相当于一个状语从句。

　　1.作时间状语相当于when引导的从句，通常放于句首。例如：

　　Seen from the top of the hill (= When the city is seen from the top of the hill), the city looks more beautiful.

　　Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.入党以后，他决定献身于党的事业。

　　2. 作条件状语相当于if, unless引导的从句，一般放在句首。例如：

　　Given more attention (= If it is given more attention), the accident could have been avoided.

　　Given another chance, he will do better.再给他一次机会，他会做得更好。

　　Compared with your brother, you should make greater efforts to study English.和你哥哥相比，你应该更加努力学习英语。

　　If heated, water can be turned into steam.水如果被加热，会变成水蒸气。

　　3. 作原因状语相当于because, as, since引导的从句，多放于句首。例如：

　　Scolded (=As she was scolded) by the teacher, the girl sat there without lifting her head.

　　Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle. 受到了讲演的鼓舞，年轻人决定起来从事斗争。

　　4.作方式或伴随状语时，一般不能用状语从句替换，但可以转换成并列分句或非限制性定语从句，可位于句首或句尾。例如：

　　Surrounded by his students, the professor sat there cheerfully. (= The professor was surrounded by his students and sat there cheerfully.)

　　The old man went into the room, supported by his wife.那个老人在他的妻子的搀扶下走进了房间。

　　Seated at the table, my father and I were talking about my job. 我和父亲坐在桌子旁边讨论着我的工作问题。

　　5. 作让步状语相当于though, if引导的从句，常放在句首。例如：

　　Tired(= Though he was tired), the worker went on working.

　　Exhausted by the running, they went on running after the robber. 尽管已经跑得筋疲力尽，他们还是继续追赶着那个强盗。

　　Laughed at by many people, he continued his study.尽管被许多人嘲笑，他还是继续他的研究。

　　6.过去分词(短语)作状语时，有时为了强调，前面可带连词when, while, if, though, as if, unless, until等，以便使句意更清楚。例如：

　　If given more time, they would have done it better.