2012年国家开发银行招聘考试笔试B卷真题及答案解析

2012 年国家开发银行招聘考试笔试 B 卷真题及答案解析 第一部分 英语能力测试（限时 60 分钟） 一、单项选择题（每题 1 分，共 20 题） 1. This ticket ______ you to a free boat tour on the lake. A) entitles B) appoints C) grants D) credits 2. This is the nurse who ______ to me when I was ill in hospital. A) accompanied B) attended C) entertained D) shielded 3. I was about to ______ a match when I remembered Tom’s warning. A) rub B) hit C) scrape D) strike 4. The advertisement says this material doesn’t ______ in the wash, but it has. A) contract B) shrink C) slim D) dissolve 5. He was proud of being chosen to participate in the game and he ______ us that he would try as hard as possible. A) insured B) guaranteed C) assumedD) assured 6. Not only the professionals but also the amateurs will ______ from the new training facilities. A) derive B) acquire C) benefit D) reward 7. The work was almost complete when we received orders to ______ no further with it. A) progress B) proceed C) march D) promote 8. I waited for him half an hour, but he never ______. A) turned inB) turned down C) turned off D) turned up 9. A house with a dangerous gas ______ can be broken into immediately. A) leak B) split C) mess D) crack 10. A dark suit is ______ to a light one for evening wear. A) favourable B) suitable C) preferable D) proper 11. It was in the United States that I made the ______ of professor Jones. A) acknowledgement B) acquaintance C) recognition D) association 12. Could you take a ______ sheet of paper and write your name at the top? A) bare B) vacant C) hollow D) blank 13. A culture in which the citizens share similar religious beliefs and values is more likely to have laws that represent the wishes of its people than is a culture where citizens come from ______ backgrounds. A) extensive B) influential C) diverse D) identical 14. Areas where students have particular difficulty have been treated ______ particular care. A) by B) in C) under D) with 15. He gave a ______ to handle the affairs in a friendly manner. A) pledge B) mission C) plunge D) motion 16. Don’t let the child play with scissors ______ he cuts himself. A) in case B) so that C) now that D) only if 17. ______ the danger from enemy action, people had to cope with a severe shortage of food, clothing, fuel, and almost everything. A) As far as B) As long as C) As well as D) As soon as 18. Many people lost their jobs during the business ______. A) desperation B) decrease C) despair D) depression 19. Whenever a big company ______ a small one, the product almost always gets worse. A) gets on with B) cuts down C) takes over D) puts up with 20. Mr. Smith was the only witness who said that the fire was ______. A) mature B) deliberate C) meaningful D) innocent 1.Ｂ 2.Ｄ 3.Ｂ 4.Ｃ 5.Ｃ 6.Ｂ 7.Ｄ 8.Ｃ 9.Ａ 10.Ｂ 11.Ａ 12.Ｃ 13.Ｃ 14.Ａ 15.Ｄ 16.Ｂ 17.Ｄ 18.Ａ 19.Ｄ 20.Ｃ 二、完形填空题（每题 1.5 分，共 20 题） In most countries, the law on organ transplantation(器官移植) is poorly defined. The existing framework 【B1】 to physical assault and care of the dead has no 【B2】 for organ transplantation. It is 【B3】 to get the permission of the relatives, 【B4】 because organ 【B5】 must take place immediately after death, it may be impossible to reach the relatives 【B6】 time. It has been suggested that there should be a widespread campaign to encourage persons to 【B7】 in their wills that their organs be used for transplantation. An 【B8】 is to provide by law that permission is 【B9】 unless removal has been forbidden by the individual in his lifetime. It is, of course, important that there 【B10】 public reassurance that consideration of transplantation would not 【B11】 normal resuscitative(抢救的) efforts of the 【B12】 donor. Transplantation has obviously 【B13】 important ethical considerations 【B14】 the diagnosis of death. Every effort must be made to 【 B15 】 the heartbeat to someone who has a sudden cardiac arrest(心博停止) or 【B16】 to someone who cannot breathe. 【B17】 artificial respiration and massage of the heart, the standard methods of resuscitation, must be continued 【B18】 it is clear that the brain is dead. Most physicians consider that 【B19】 this point efforts at resuscitation are 【B20】 . 1. A relating B associated C associating D related 答案:AA 语义干扰题。选项中 A)relating+to 意为“与……有关的”；B)associated 意为“与……相联系的”，后面接 with；C)associating 通上；D)related+to 意为“与……有联系的”，其中 A 表达的意思最为准确。为正确答案。 2. A description B provision C rule D statement 答案:AB 语义干扰题。选项中 A)description 意为“描写，记述”；B)provision 意为“条款，规定”；C)rule 意为“规则， 准则”；D)statement 意为“声明，陈述”。本句的意思是“在现有的关于人生攻击和看护死者的法律框架中并没 有关于器官移植的规定”，B 表达的意思最为准确，是正确答案。 3. A impossible B vital C ritual D customary 答案:AD 语义干扰题。本句的意思是“进行器官移植要取得亲属的同意”，选项中 A)impossible 意为“不可能”。用 在句中不恰当；B)vital 意为“生死攸关的”，此词的色彩过重； C)ritual 意为“仪礼的”，用在句中也不合适； D)customary 意为“习惯的，惯例的”，符合句意，为答案。 4. A and B or C but D then 答案:AC 语篇理解题。本题考查句子间的逻辑关系。上文中说到“进行器官移植一般的作法是要取得亲属的同 意”，而下文叙述的是器官移植要立即进行，可能来不及通知家属，显然上下文之间是转折关系，因此本题正 确答案为 but。 5. A replacement B transplantation C removal D burial 答案:AC 语义干扰题。根据上下文可知，空白处所填单词与 organ(器官)表达的意思是器官切除、移除．选项中 A)replacement“复位。代替”，不合题意；”，不合题意；B)transplantation 意为“移植”，也不合题意；C)removal 意为“移除， 切除”，符合题意；D)burial 意为“埋葬”，不合题意，所以正确答案为 C。 6. A at B in C on D within 答案:AB 固定搭配题。句中 in time 构成固定搭配。意为“及时”。句子的意思是“可能不能及时联系到家属”，选 项中 on time 也构成固定搭配，但意思是按时，不合句意，因此正确答案为 B。 7. A say B provide C supply D mention 答案:AB 语义干扰题。根据上下文可知本句要表达的意思是“鼓励病人在遗嘱中说明自己的器官用于移植”，选 项中 A)say 意为“说”。泛指说话；B)provide 意为“供应，提供”，此外还有规定的意思，在指遗嘱这种具有法律 效力的文件时比较合适；C)supply 意为“补给，提供”；D)mention 意为“提到，说起”，由此可见 B 表达的意思 最为准确，为正确答案。 8. A alteration B operation C option D alternative 答案:AD 语义干扰题。选项中 A)alteration 意为“变更，改造”；B)operation 意为“行动，实施，手术”；C)option 意 为“选择”，强调选择的权利；D)alternative 意为“可供选的方法”，强调所选的事物，本句表达意思是“也可由法 律规定没经特殊说明就认定为可以进行器官移植”，因此 D 为正确答案。 9. A gained B acquired C assumed D got 答案:AC 语义干扰题。选项中 A)gained 意为“得到”，指经过自己的劳动努力而得到；B)acquired 意为“获得”，指 后天通过自己的努力得到；C)assumed 意为“没有确凿的证据就假定为正确的或真实的”；D)got 意为“得到”，根 据上下文可知 C 为正确答案。 10. A is B be C are D would be 答案:AB 语法知识题。本题考查虚拟语气的用法，在 it is important that 的从句中要用虚拟语气，谓语动词应用 should+do 的形式，而 should 可以省略．由此可知本题的正确答案为 be。 11. A impair B repair C harm D hurt 答案:AA 语义干扰题。选项中 A)impair 意为“削弱”；B)repair 意为“修理．修补”；C)harm 意为“伤害，损害”； D)hurt 意为“伤害，危害”，本句表达的意思是“考虑器官移植不能影响到对器官捐献者的正常抢救”，由此可知 A)impair 的意思比较准确，是正确答案。 12. A future B tomorrow C potential D possible 答案:AC 语义干扰题。空白处所填单词修饰 donor(捐献者)，A)future 意为“将来的”；B)tomorrow 意为“明天的”， 引申为“将来的”；C)potential 意为“潜在的，可能的”，强调潜力；D)possible 意为“可能的”，强调可能性。比较 可知 C 更为准确，是正确答案。 13. A rose B aroused C arose