下列符合现代生物进化理论的叙述是

试卷相关题目

• 1某对表现型正常的夫妇生出了一个红绿色盲的儿子和一个表现型正常的女儿，该女儿与一个表现型正常的男子结婚，生出一个红绿色盲基因携带者的概率是

  A.1/2

  B.1/4

  C.1/6

  D.1/8

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• 2下列叙述中，不能说明“核基因和染色体行为存在平行关系”的是

  A.基因发生突变而染色体没有发生变化

  B.非等位基因随非同源染色体的自由组合而组合

  C.二倍体生物形成配子时基因和染色体数目均减半

  D.Aa杂合体发生染色体缺失后，可表现出a基因的性状

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• 3某同学分离纯化了甲、乙两种噬菌体的蛋白质和DNA，重新组合为“杂合”噬菌体，然后分别感染大肠杆菌，并对子代噬菌体的表现型作出预测，见表。其中预测正确的是 <table style="BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; MARGIN-LEFT: 34.05pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" _dj="MsoNormalTable"><tbody><tr style="HEIGHT: 14.55pt; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 115.85pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.55pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" rowspan="2" width="154">“杂合”噬菌体的组成</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 231.8pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.55pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="309" colspan="2">实验预期结果</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 6.8pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 115.9pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 6.8pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="155">预期结果序号</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 115.9pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 6.8pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="155">子代表现型</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 14.55pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 115.85pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.55pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" rowspan="2" width="154">甲的DNA＋乙的蛋白质</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 115.9pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.55pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="155">1</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 115.9pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.55pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="155">与甲种一致</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 6.8pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 115.9pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 6.8pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="155">2</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 115.9pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 6.8pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="155">与乙种一致</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 14.55pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 115.85pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.55pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" rowspan="2" width="154">乙的DNA＋甲的蛋白质</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 115.9pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.55pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="155">3</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 115.9pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.55pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="155">与甲种一致</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 6.8pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 115.9pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 6.8pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="155">4</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 115.9pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 6.8pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="155">与乙种一致</td></tr></tbody></table>

  A.1、3

  B.1、4

  C.2、3

  D.2、4

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• 4下列关于遗传信息传递的叙述，错误的是

  A.线粒体和叶绿体中遗传信息的传递遵循中心法则

  B.DNA中的遗传信息是通过转录传递给mRNA的

  C.DNA中的遗传信息可决定蛋白质中氨基酸的排列顺序

  D.DNA病毒中没有RNA，其遗传信息的传递不遵循中心法则

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• 5成年大鼠血液中甲状腺激素浓度升高时，可能出现

  A.体温升高、耗氧量减少

  B.体温下降、耗氧量增加

  C.神经系统兴奋性提高、耗氧量增加

  D.神经系统兴奋性提高、体温下降

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• 6甲、乙、丙是同一物种的三个种群，其年龄组成见表。三个种群年龄结构的类型为 <table style="BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; MARGIN-LEFT: 6.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; MARGIN-RIGHT: 6.75pt; BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-table-lspace: 9.0pt; mso-table-rspace: 9.0pt; mso-table-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-table-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-table-left: center; mso-table-top: .1pt" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left" _dj="MsoNormalTable"><tbody><tr style="HEIGHT: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 86.9pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" rowspan="2" width="116">年龄期</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 260.85pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="348" colspan="3">个体数</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 7pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 86.9pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 7pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="116">甲</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 86.95pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 7pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="116">乙</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 87pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 7pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="116">丙</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 86.9pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="116">幼年期</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 86.9pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="116">600</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 86.95pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="116">400</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 87pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="116">200</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 15.4pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 86.9pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="116">成年期</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 86.9pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="116">400</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 86.95pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="116">400</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 87pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="116">400</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 86.9pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="116">老年期</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 86.9pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="116">200</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 86.95pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="116">400</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 87pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="116">600</td></tr></tbody></table> 

  A.甲是增长型，乙是稳定型，丙是衰退型

  B.甲是稳定型，乙是增长型，丙是衰退型

  C.甲是增长型，乙是增长型，丙是衰退型

  D.甲、乙、丙三个种群都是稳定型

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• 7某同学拟调查一个面积为100hm2草地上某种双子叶草本植物的种群密度，设计了四个调查方案，其中最可行的是

  A.计数该草地上该种植物的全部个体数目

  B.设置1个1m2样方，计数样方中该种植物的个体数目

  C.随机设置1m2样方若干，计数每个样方中该种植物的个体数目

  D.在该种植物密集处设置1m2样方若干，计数每个样方中该种植物的个体数目

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• 8有一种生态农业模式是在水稻田中养鸭，利用鸭控制稻田中的杂草和害虫，鸭粪用作肥料。下列关于该模式的叙述中，错误的是

  A.杂草和水稻是生产者

  B.鸭与害虫的种间关系为捕食关系

  C.杂草和水稻的种间关系为竞争关系

  D.水稻、鸭、害虫和杂草组成了一个农田生态系统

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