According to the passages, the decisive factor in maintaining a firm’s competitive advantage is ________.

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• 1The money most American firms put in training mainly goes to ________.

  A.workers who can operate new equipment

  B.technological and managerial staff

  C.workers who lack basic background skills

  D.top executives

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• 2What is the position of the head of human-resource management in an American firm、

  A.He is one of the most important executives in firms.

  B.His post is likely to disappear when new technologies are introduced.

  C.He is directly under the chief financial executives in the firms.

  D.He has no say in making important decisions in the firm.

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• 3Which of the following applies to the management of human resources in American companies、

  A.They hire people at the lowest cost regardless of their skills.

  B.They see the gaining of skills as their employees’ own business.

  C.They attach more importance to workers than equipment.

  D.They only hire skilled workers because of keen competition.

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• 4The author is critical mainly of ________.

  A.dishonest packaging

  B.inferior packaging

  C.the changes in package size

  D.exaggerated illustrations on packages

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• 5According to this passage, various types of packaging come into existence to ________.

  A.meet the needs of consumers

  B.suit all kinds of products

  C.enhance the market position of products

  D.introduce new products

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• 6What is the main idea of the passage、

  A.American firms are different from Japanese and German firms in human-resource management.

  B.Extensive retraining is indispensable to effective human-resource management.

  C.The head of human-resource management must be in the central position in a firm’s hierarchy.

  D.The human-resource management strategies of American firms affect their competitive capacity.

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• 7According to the author, an ideal biographer would be one who ________.

  A.knows the subject very well and yet maintains a proper distance from him

  B.is close to the subject and knows the techniques of biography writing

  C.is independent and treats the subject with fairness and objectivity

  D.possesses special private information and is sympathetic toward the subject

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• 8The author cites the biographies of Jesus in the Bible in order to show that ________.

  A.the best biographies are meant to transform their readers

  B.biographies are authentic accounts of their subjects’ lives

  C.the best biographies are the of heroes and famous figures

  D.biographies can serve different purpose

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• 9Which of the following statements is true, according to the passage、

  A.An authentic biography seldom appeals to its readers.

  B.An authentic biography is one authorized by the subject.

  C.No one can write a perfect biography.

  D.Authorized biographies have a wider readership.

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• 10An unauthorized biography is likely to attract more readers because ________.

  A.it portrays the subject both faithfully and vividly

  B.it contains interesting information about the subject’s private life

  C.it reveals a lot of accurate details unknown to outsiders

  D.it usually gives a sympathetic description of the subject’s character

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