【摘要】 目的 探讨血浆C-反应蛋白(CRP)对急性心肌梗死(AMI)发生、发展及预后的影响,以及与心血管其他危险因素的相关性。方法 (1)按WHO诊断标准排除感染、炎症、肿瘤、结缔组织疾病、创伤、痛风、肾脏疾病等,以及利尿剂的使用。选择急性心肌梗死36例,不稳定型心绞痛(UAP)40例,稳定型心绞痛(SAP)40例,正常对照组(Nor)40例。(2)对AMI组病人分别于梗死后4h,6h,12h,18h,24h,30h,48h,1周,2周抽取静脉血3ml,用酶法测定心肌酶,用免疫比浊法测定CRP。而UAP,SAP,Nor组病人分别于入院即刻,第2天清晨空腹抽取静脉血测得心肌酶,CRP值。(3)对所有病人进行空腹血糖、血脂、外周血白细胞的测定和心脏B超检查。对AMI病人的心电图(ECG)进行记分,估测心肌梗死面积。结果 (1)在Nor,SAP,UAP,AMI 4组中,CRP逐渐增高,其中4组CRP比较:除SAP与Nor相比差异无显著性(P>0.05)外,其余各组间相比均差异有非常显著性(P<0.001)。(2)在AMI组,CRP浓度随时间呈动态变化,约于29.32h达高峰,此后又逐渐下降,而且CRP峰值在溶栓治疗时前移,较非溶栓治疗组提前约9.56h,差异有非常显著性(P< 0.01)。(3)相关分析:CRP与外周血白细胞、中性粒细胞、肌酸激酶(CK)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、ECG-ST记分呈正相关,与心搏量,射血分数,左室短轴缩短率呈负相关。结论 CRP随着CHD的发展而增高,可能参与动脉硬化的形成,影响了AMI的发生、发展和预后,且对其发展和预后有判断和预测价值。同时,CRP也是AMI溶栓治疗成功与否的一个有效指标。
【关键词】 C-反应蛋白;急性心肌梗死;炎症
【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the relationship between the levels of plasma c-reactive protein(CRP) and acute myocardial infarction(AMI).To observe the relationship between the levels of CRP and the major risk factors of AMI.Methods (1)Serial measurement of serum CRP and creatine kinase (CK) level every 6 hours were performed in 36 patients.(2)The CRP and CK concentration were tested in 40 unstable angina pectoris (UAP),40 stable angina pectoris(SAP) and 40 normal persons (Nor).(3)To measure the values of blood glucose,blood lipid and white cell count and make a electrocardiogram (ECG) in all patients.(4)To figure out the infarction area of AMI by the score of ECG system.Results (1)The plasma CRP concentration were gradually increasing from Nor group,SAP group,UAP group,and AMI group . There were significant difference in each other but between the CRP level of Nor group and SAP group. There were significant difference in each other.(2)The peak time of CRP were earlier in patients who received successful thrombolytic therapy group than those who received traditional treatment.(3)Correlation analysis: There were positive relationship between CRP and white cell count,CK,CK-MB,the score of ECG-st. There were negative relationship between CRP and eject fraction,the left ventricular short axis contract fraction.Conclusion (1)The levels of CRP were gradually increasing according to the disease degrees and could be used as a predictor of the prognosis of AMI. CRP were new risk factors of AMI.(2)CRP might be an helpful index of successful reperfusion.
【Key words】 c-reactive protein;acute myocardial infarction;inflammation
急性心肌梗死(acute myocardial infarction,AMI)是一种与多因素有关的,由复杂发病机制所致的动脉粥样硬化性疾病。其病理过程主要是动脉硬化、血管腔阻塞,导致了心肌细胞的缺血性坏死。其发病率、死亡率均很高,是临床的常见病、多发病,因此探讨AMI的确切发病机制及其危险性甚为重要。近年来的研究发现,炎症也是引起动脉粥样硬化的发病原因之一,炎症因子、C-反应蛋白(c-reactive protein,CRP)既可以反映动脉粥样硬化的程度,又参与动脉粥样硬化的形成过程,CRP被认为是独立于高血压病、糖尿病、高血脂、体重指数、吸烟等心血管危险因素以外的新的危险因素,并且对冠心病(coronary heart disese,CHD)的发生、发展及预后具有预测价值。因此,本文就以炎症与动脉粥样硬化的关系为理论基础,对CRP水平在冠心病的发生、发展过程中和AMI发生后的不同时段的变化及二者与心肌酶、血糖、血脂浓度、心电图变化的关系进行研究。
1 临床资料
1.1 实验分组 按1979年WHO诊断标准,选择AMI 36例,男22例,女14例,年龄37~73岁,平均(63.33±10.01)岁。其中溶栓治疗24例,非溶栓治疗12例;不稳定型心绞痛(unstable angina pectoris,UAP)40例,男22例,女18例,年龄45~74岁,平均(64.50±8.09)岁;稳定型心绞痛(stable angina pectoris,SAP)40例,男23例,女17例,年龄40~72岁,平均(61.78±9.08)岁。正常对照组(normal persons,Nor)40例,男19例,女21例,年龄38~72岁,平均(60.73±8.27)岁;所有病例均排除感染、炎症、肿瘤、结缔组织疾病、痛风、肾脏疾病以及利尿剂的使用,并且已剔除了年龄、性别及体重有差异的病例。
1.2 主要仪器及试剂 所有受试者的血浆CRP、心肌酶,血糖均采用日本Olympus AU640全自动生化仪测定。用免疫比浊法测定血浆CRP浓度,试剂盒由上海科华生物工程股份公司提供,正常范围0~8mg/L,用常规方法测定血浆肌酸激酶(creatine kinase,CK),血浆肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)以及空腹血糖和血脂浓度。
1.3 样本的采集与测定 对AMI组病人分别于心肌梗死后4h,6h,12h,18h,24h,30h,48h,1周,2周抽取静脉血3ml,测定心肌酶、CRP值。对UAP、SAP、Nor组病人于入院即刻、第2天分别抽取静脉血3ml测量心肌酶、CRP值。同时所有病人进行空腹血糖、血脂、血常规测定和心脏B超检查。对AMI病人的心电图进行记分,估测心肌梗死的面积。所有受试者均记录标准12导联心电图,AMI的病人每30min记录1次,至溶栓后24h,24h后每天记录2次心电图共7天,7天后每天记录1次心电图。余病人均常规记录ECG 1次。
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