2021军队职称英语考试指导：卫生类C级课堂笔记第7讲

前言
词汇题考点：考察常见常用词(如：lately/limited/propose/sure);考察常见常用短语(如：take out/break off/in danger);考察跨词类多义词(如：follow(2003年),bear(2004年：C级));考察派生词(如：annually--annual,consideration--consider,lately--late,extensive--extend,sensible—sense–sensitive,merely--mere)
职称英语词汇，选择填空中常见考察词
abandon v.抛弃，舍弃，放弃;ability n.能力，本领，(pl.)才能(ability to pay/支付能力;one’s abilities/某人的才能);able adj.能……的;有能力的;能干的(be able to do sth./能做……);abroad adv.到国外，在国外到处(at home and abroad/在国内外);absent adj.缺席的;心不在焉的;缺乏的(be absent from…/不在../缺席);absent-minded/心不在焉的;absolute adj.绝对的;完全的;absorb v.吸收(液体);吸取(知识);使全神贯注;承担(be absorbed in../专心..);abstract adj.抽象的;深奥的;academic adj.学院的，大学的;学会的，[美]文科的，文学的(academic research/学术研究);accept v.接受;承认;access n.进入;通道;使用;接近(easy of access/易于接近;have[gain,get,obtain]access to/得接近;得会见;得进入;得使用);accident n.意外;偶然事故(by accident/偶然;无意中);accomplish v.完成;实现;according to按照;根据...所说;account n.报导;(书面或口头)报告;账目;原因v.说明(理由等)(give an account of.../对……做出报导;account for/说明,占);accurate adj.准确的;精确的;accuse v.控告;指控(accuse sb.of/指控某人……犯了罪);ache n.疼痛v.疼痛;achieve v.完成(功绩等)，实现(目标、目的等)(achieve one’s purpose/达到目的;achieve success/获得成功;acquire v.学得(知识等)，求得，养成(习惯等);action n.行动;行为;作用(take action/采取行动);active adj.活动的;活跃的;积极的(take an active part in..积极参加…);activity n.-ties活动;行动;行为(social activities/社会活动);actual adj.实际的;真实的;目前的;actually adv.实际上;真实地;acute adj.敏锐的;灵敏的;剧烈的;急性的(疾病);adapt v.使适应;使适合;改编(adapt oneself to sth../适应……);add v.加，增添，增加(to)(add up to/总计为，总数达);in addition/加上，又，另外;in addition to/加上，除……外;adequate adj.足够的，恰当的，胜任的;adjust v.调整;调节;使适合;使适应(adjust oneself to sth./使自己适应……);admire v.赞美;赞赏;钦佩(admire sb.for sth./因……而钦佩某人);admit v.让……进入，使获得(某种地位或特权)，接[容]纳，承认(事实、错误等)(admit sb.into the university/获准入大学);adopt v.采用，采纳，选定(道路、职业等)，取(立场等)，收养;in advance adv.预先;advantage n.优势，长处，利益，便利(take advantage of/利用，欺骗);advertisement n.广告(=ad);advice n.劝告，建议，通知(a piece of advice/一条意见;give advice/提出忠告;take/follow one’s advice/接受忠告);advise v.建议，提意见，通知，告知(advise sb.to do sth./劝某人做某事,advise that../提前通知。。)
词汇例题解析：
1.He abandoned his wife and went away with all their money.
A)left B)dismissed C)deserted D)advised
C。考点：考察搭配相近结构含义的辨析。
leave sb./离开某人
dismiss/fire sb./解雇某人;让某人走开
desert sb./遗弃某人
advise sb.to do sth./建议某人做。。
2.All wastes are usually eliminated from the body before death.
A)removed B)thrown C)come D)generated
A。分析：借助搭配判断(被动语态+from)排除C，借助句意判断A最合适。
from：prep.指定来源、起因、方法或用具,用以表示分离、或排除;用以表示区别,因为
from grades four to six.从四级到六级
take a book from the shelf.从架子上拿本书
keep someone from making a mistake不让某人犯错误
know/tell right from wrong.区分正误
die from hunger饿死了。
3.Fruits such as applies and oranges are very good for health,and may be eaten at any time.
A)respectful B)healthy C)appropriate D)proper
B。考点：考察派生词。利用句意：“象苹果和橘子这样的水果对健康很有益，可以任何时候吃。”，四个备选答案中appropriate和proper是近义词，都是“合适的”，因此相互排除。respectful(联想：color--colorful)是“有礼貌的”，而根据构词法：healthy—health(联想：luck--lucky)所以猜测healthy是“健康的”，是答案。
4.I am honored to be here on behalf of Mr.Smith and talk with you about the project in hand.
A)presenting B)representing C)replacing D)resembling
B。分析：借助被选项的特点：A与B在“形”上有关系，重点注意。根据习惯用法：
e.g.He strongly resembles/looks like his father.他酷似他的父亲。
e.g.There are twenty children present.在座的有20个孩子。
e.g.the present government现政府
e,g.At present,he is on holiday.目前，他正在度假。
5.He decided to resign the position as manager because of his poor physical condition.
A)give up B)give out C)give in D)give off
A。分析：考点：考察常见动词短语。借助搭配：“…职位”,判断A(放弃)正确。
give up v.放弃(念头、希望等)
give out v.分发,发出(气味、热等),发表
give in v.投降,屈服,让步,交上
give off v.发出(蒸汽、光等)，长出(枝、杈等)
6.The scenery here is so impressive to me that I will come here again when time permits.
A.shaking B.beating C.striking D.hitting
C.分析：考察派生词。借助构词法推测impressive的含义：Impressive—impression—impress。
strike:v.有强烈的感受;造成深刻的印象;突然想到;
e.g.How does the idea strike you?你感觉那主意怎么样?
e.g.An idea suddenly struck me.我心中忽然产生一个念头。
7.We should admit that the overall situation is good enough.
A)whole B)particular C)serious D)smooth
A.分析：根据词语的习惯搭配使用特点解题：
the whole situation整个情况
particular case特殊情况[场合]
particular description详细的描述
a particular customer挑剔的顾客
a smooth operation顺利的运作
smooth cloth上好的布料
a serious consequence严重的后果
a serious illness重病
8.There is no doubt that radio and television are important means of communication.
A)devices B)methods C)documents D)tricks
A.考点：考察常见名词词义的辨别。借助句意判断答案。
(考题)9.The policeman wrote down all the particulars of the accident.
A)secrets B)details C)benefits D)words
B.考点：考察常见跨词类词的用法。借助搭配“所有事故的…”，直接判断B最合适。]
完型填空题考点：
常见词/短语的含义和用法;
近义词/反义词的含义和用法辨析;
形近词/短语的含义和用法辨析;
上下文用词/文章中心词/短语结构;
涉及句子之间逻辑关系(逻辑连词/副词)，句子之间内容上的呼应(代词);从句与主句逻辑关系(从句连词);表述修饰和被修饰成分之间的逻辑关系(介词);
2004年考题：
C：what is cancer
但是文章后的问题发生了较大改变，C级的完型部分的考察主要趋向于对常见的动词名词使用及搭配特点的考察，而A级和B级中还涉及到了较多的介词的习惯搭配及使用，连词，代词，副词的语法功能及其使用的考察。if(window.Event)document.captureEvents(Event.MOUSEUP);function nocontextmenu(){event.cancelBubble=true;event.returnValue=false;return false;}function norightclick(e){if(window.Event){if(e.which==2||e.which==3)return false;}else if(event.button==2||event.button==3){event.cancelBubble=true;event.returnValue=false;return false;}}document.oncontextmenu=nocontextmenu;document.onmousedown=norightclick;
完型填空例题解析：
阅读下面的短文。短文中有十五个空白，在文章的后面，每一个空白都列了四个备选
答案。请根据文章的内容选择合适的词或短语填在空白处。
B/C级难度
Preferences Vary on Circumstance of Dying
Among terminally ill people，attitudes differ on what they think constitutes a __l __ or bad death，the results of a new study suggest.
Dr.Elizabeth K.Vig of the University of Washington in Seattle and colleagues interviewed 26 men with __2__ heart disease or cancer.The men were asked to describe good and bad deaths，and they also answered questions about their __3__for dying.
“In this small study，terminally i11 men described good and bad deaths __4__”Vig said.“They did not hold uniform views about such issues __5__the presence of others at the very end of life or preferred location of death.’’
Many of the men considered __6 __in their sleep to be a good death.The reasons were varied and included not __7__ that death was imminent，and that death would be painless.
For close to half of the men，a prolonged death was__8__ a bad death.Some of the men equated a prolonged death with prolonged pain，__9__others thought a prolonged death would be difficult for their families.
Most men said that their __10__ were very important to them，but this did not mean that they wanted relatives close at the __11__ of death.“Valuing family did not also __12__ wanting family present at the very end of life,'”Vig said.
“In fact，some expressed concerns about __13__ loved ones，”Vig said.For instance，
some men were worried about the emotional or __14__ impact on their family members，
according to the Washington researcher.Some were worried __15__their need for care would be a burden on their families，she said.
词汇：
terminally adv.末期地，晚期地;不治地，致命地
imminent adv.即将发生(或来临)的(指危险、祸患、不幸等)
prolong vt.延长;拖长;拉长
equate vt.使等同
1.A.wrong B.pure C.good D.whole
2.A.either B.terminal C.final D.terrible
3.A.perfections B.presence C.preferences D.references
4.A.differently B.similarly C.strangely D.heartlessly
5.A.like B.as C.including D.for
6.A.working B.dying C.talking D.dreaming
7.A.regarding B.thinking C.wanting D.knowing
8.A.meant B.presented C.considered D.taken
9.A.when B.although C.because D.while
10.A.families B.friends C.colleagues D.wishes
11.A.beginning B.time C.period D.end
12.A.stand B.mean C.represent D.signal
13.A.missing B.helping C.burdening D.leaving
14.A.financial B.physical C.social D.historical
15.A.unless B.if C.why D.that
答案及解析：
1.文章主题分析：
Preferences Vary on Circumstance of Dying
Among terminally(B级)ill people，attitudes differ on what they think constitutes _l __ or bad death，the results of a new study suggest.(该句是观点句，很可能是文章的中心)
1.A.wrong B.pure C.good D.whole
1.C。分析：根据语感：good or bad(好的或坏的)直接判断答案。同时了解到标题中的Preferences就是指“人们的态度(attitudes)”。
1.直接看题解题：
2.A.either B.terminal C.final D.terrible
Elizabeth K.Vig of the University of Washington in Seattle and colleagues
interviewed 26 men with __2__ heart disease or cancer.
2.B.分析：考察上下文中的用词。B与前文中的terminally呼应，而且“致命的心脏疾病或癌症”正好符合or要求前后词义对等的特点。
3.A.perfections B.presence C.preferences D.references
men were asked to describe good and bad deaths，and they also answered questions
about their __3__for dying.
3.C.分析：被选项中包含标题词或文章主题词时，答案往往出自是标题词或文章主题词的选项。考察文章中心。
4.A.differently B.similarly C.strangely D.heartlessly
“In this small study，terminally i11 men described good and bad deaths __4__”Vig said.
4.A.分析：考察文章中心(态度不同)。该题也可直接借助句意解答。
5.A.like B.as C.including D.for
“They did not hold uniform views about such issues __5__the presence of others at the very end of life or preferred location of death.’’
5.B。分析：考察习惯搭配结构。
Very:adj.绝对的;一样的;正好的：
at the very end of his career在他职业生涯的最未期
the very question she asked yesterday她昨天问的同一个问题
You are the very person I am looking for.
6.A.working B.dying C.talking D.dreaming
Many of the men considered __6 __in their sleep to be a good death.
6.B.分析：结合文章主题用词，直接选择dying。
7.A.regarding B.thinking C.wanting D.knowing
The reasons were varied and included not __7__ that death was imminent(即将来临的)，and that death would be painless.
7.D.分析：根据被选项的搭配使用特点(regard..as..(把..看成..)/want sth.)，直接缩小答案范围，再借助句句意判断答案。
8.A.meant B.presented C.considered D.taken
For close to half of the men，a prolonged death was__8__ a bad death.
8.C.分析：根据被选项的搭配使用特点(mean sth./mean to do sth(打算做..).;present sth.to sb./consider sth.(as)sth./把..看成..;take sth.)和句意判断C是答案。
9.A.when B.although C.because D.while
Some of the men equated a prolonged death with prolonged pain，__9__others thought a prolonged death would be difficult for their families.
9.D.分析：借助句子特殊结构：some…other…判断该句讲述两种情况，所以答案选择D(“而”，引出两种不同的形成对比的情况)。
while：
It was lovely while it lasted.当它开着的时间它是很惹人喜爱的
While the grandparents love the children,they are strict with them.
“虽然祖父母们都爱他们的孩子，但却对他们要求严格”
The soles are leather,while the uppers are canvas.
鞋跟是皮的，而鞋面是帆布的，
10.A.families B.friends C.colleagues D.wishes
11.A.beginning B.time C.period D.end
Most men said that their __10__ were very important to them，but this did not mean that they wanted relatives close at the __11__ of death.
10.A.分析：考察上下文用词的呼应(前后句句意的承接)：前句中提到了“家人”。
11.B.分析：考察搭配结构(at the beginning of../at the end of../at the time of../
in the period of..)和句意，判断B((在临死的)时刻)是答案。
12.A.stand B.mean C.represent D.signal
“Valuing family did not also __12__ wanting family present at the very end of life,'”Vig said.
12.B.分析：该句中的also暗示该句在句意和结构上与前句的紧密呼应关系，借助前句用词(mean)，直接判断答案B。
stand:v.抵抗;忍受
stand the test of time经受时间考验
I can't stand the heat我忍受不了高炎热
13.A.missing B.helping C.burdening D.leaving
14.A.financial B.physical C.social D.historical
“In fact，some expressed concerns about __13__ loved ones，”Vig said.For instance，
some men were worried about the emotional or __14__ impact on their family members，
according to the Washington researcher.
13.C.分析：借助与空格处在含义上相关的词语concerns(担心)，结合上文内容判断C(使负担/给予麻烦)最合适。其实下文中有内容上的提示。
14.A.分析：借助搭配结构含义和常识(病人会对家人产生情感方面或经济方面的影响)判断A(经济方面的)最合适。
15.A.unless B.if C.why D.that
Some were worried __15__their need for care would be a burden on their families，she said.
15.D.分析：借助习惯搭配结构(be worried about sth./be worried that..)直接判断答案。