2020军队职称英语理工类AB级模拟试题二(12)

第3篇
1．D．利用问题句中的细节词（research）备选项中的细节信息结构（名词性结构）共同作为答案线索，在文章中查找答案相关句：
Cryptic species（隐蔽性物种）animals that appear（看起来）identical（相同的）but are genetically（在基因上）quite（非常）distant（关系远的）一may be much more widespread（普遍的，分布广的）than previously（以前）thought.The findings（研究发现）（与research相关）could have major（较多的，主要的）implications（暗示）in areas（领域）ranging from（范围涉及从...到...）biodiversity(生物多样性)estimates（估计）and wildlife management（野生动物管理），to our understanding of infectious diseases（传染性疾病）and evolution（演变）.
答案相关句（第1段第2句）说：研究结果为广泛的研究领城提供很多启示，包括生物多样性研究．还能帮助我们理解传染疾病及其演变。所以选项A,B,C都是正确的。
2．D．利用问题句中的细节信息词（scientists）和被选项中的细节信息结构（名词性结构）共同作为答案线索，在文章中查找答案相关句：
Cryptic species animals that appear identical but are genetically quite distant一may be much more widespread than previously thought.（第一题答案相关句）The findings could have major implications in areas ranging from biodiversity estimates and wildlife management，to our understanding of infectious diseases and evolution.
Reports of cryptic species have increased dramatically over the past two decades with the advent of relatively inexpensive DNA sequencing technology.Mark Pfennninger and Klaus Schwenk,of the Goethe-Universitat in Frankfurt(法兰克福大学)’s Germany,analyzed all known data on cryptic animal species and discovered that they are found in equal proportions throughout all major branch,of the animal kingdom and occur in equal numbers in all biogeographical regions.
（第3段）Scientists had previously（以前）speculated（曾经推测）that cryptic species were predominantly（（在数量等上）占优势地/主要地）found in insects and reptiles（爬行动物），and were more likely to（更可能）occur（出现）in tropical（热带的）rather than temperate（温和的）regions."Species that are seemingly widespread and abundant could in reality he many different cryptic species that have low populations and are highly endangered,"says Henninger.Until the genetic information of all species'.in at least one texon is thoroughly studied,no one will know just how many cryptic species exist."It could be as high as（高达）30％，”Pfenninger says.
答案相关句（第三段第一句）讲述了科学家们在过去对隐蔽性物种的一些推测，根据该句内容判断D是答案。
3．A．顺着上一题的答案相关句位置往下查找答案相关句：
（第2题答案相关句）Scientists had previously speculated that cryptic species were predominantly found in insects and reptiles，and were more likely to occur in tropical rather than temperate regions."Species that are seemingly widespread and abundant could in reality he many different cryptic species that have low populations and are highly endangered,"says Henninger.Until（直到）the genetic information（遗传信息）of all species（物种）in at least（至少）one taxon（生物的分类单元）is thoroughly（彻底地）studied（研究）,no one(没有人)will know just how many cryptic species exist."It could be as high as（高达）30％，”Pfenninger says.
答案相关句（第3段倒数第2句）表明科学家认为人们目前还不了解隐蔽性物种存在的数量。
4．C．利用问题句中的细节信息词（African bush elephant,African elephant）及备选项中的特征词（WCU）和备选项中的共有词（interbreed）共同作为答案线索，在文章中查找答案相关句：
Scientists had previously speculated that cryptic species were predominantly found in insects and reptiles，and were more likely to occur in tropical rather than temperate regions."Species that are seemingly widespread and abundant could in reality he many different cryptic species that have low populations and are highly endangered,"says Henninger.（第3题答案相关句）Until the genetic information of all species'.in at least one texon is thoroughly studied,no one will know just how many cryptic species exist."It could be as high.as 30％，”Pfenninger says.
(第6段)Examples（例子）of cryptic species（隐蔽性物种）include（包括）the African elephant.(第2句)A 2001 study found（发现）the elephants were actually（实际上）two genetically distinct(不同的，清楚的)non-interbreeding（不可杂种繁殖的）species（物种）,the African bush elephant and the African elephant.The species are currently（现在）listed as（被列为）vulnerable（易受攻击的）and threatened（受到威胁的）,respectively（分别地）,by the World Conservation。
答案相关句（第6段第2句）说“2001年的一个自然发现是大象之间也是基因差别较大，是属于不可杂交的物种，非洲丛林大象和非洲大象就是这样的例子”，由此判定C正确。
5．A．利用问题句中的特征结构（in the early 1900s,Europe），细节信息词（malaria）及备选项中的共有词（mosquito）共同作为答案线索，在文章中查找答案相关句：
Examples of cryptic species include the African elephant.(第4题答案相关句)A 2001 study found the elephants were actually two genetically distinct,non-interbreeding species,the African bush elephant and the African elephant.The species are currently listed as vulnerable and threatened,respectively,by the World Conservation Union（WCU).
In the early 1900s misidentification(错误辨识)of mosquito species based on（基于...的）morphology（形态学）confused（使...困惑/混乱）attempts（努力）to control malaria in Europe.(在20世纪初期，基于形态学对蚊子物种进行的错误辨识扰乱了控制欧洲疟疾的工作).Ultimately（最终）,what was thought(认为)to be a single（单个的，单身的）species was actually made up of（由...组成）six sibling（兄弟，姐妹）species,only three of which transmitted（传播）the disease（疾病）.“The basic unit in biology is always the species,and you have to know what you are dealing with,”Pfenninger said.Much previous research is now no longer used,he says,because it is not clear what species was studied.
答案相关句（文章最后一段前两句）说：欧洲20世纪初基于形态学对蚊子的错误分类影响了对疟疾的控制，这个原本认为是一个单一类型的物种是由六个分类物种组成，而其中仅有三个分类物种传播疾病，因此A是答案。