教师资格考试中学英语知识点讲解二

【词条1】refuse

【点拨】refuse为动词，意为 拒绝 。常用于结构：

① refuse to do sth.

② refuse + n. / pron.

③ refuse sb. sth.。

如：

What annoyed us was that Mary refused to talk about this matter.

He refused his friend s invitation to go on an adventure.

She is so enthusiastic that you can t refuse her anything.

【拓展】

1. 辨析refuse reject decline

这几个词都可作 拒绝 解。其区别在于：refuse 是表示 拒绝 这一概念的最普通的用词，可接不定式，表示拒绝做某事，也可接名词，表示不接受；reject 语气比refuse 强，表示断然拒绝。如果不同意一种意见或信仰，通常用reject；decline 比较正式，表示礼貌、客气地 婉拒 ，当表示对于对方的邀请、请求、提议等表示 不接受 时，可以用decline 来缓和语气。如：

I refused to take part in anything that is illegal.

The army doctors rejected several recruits as unfit.

I invited her to join us， but she declined.

2. refusal为refuse 的名词形式，意为 拒绝，拒不 。如：

Your refusal of such a good offer was very foolish.

【词条2】arise

【点拨】arise为不及物动词，意为 产生；出现 。常用搭配：arise out of / from sth. 由 引起 。如：

We didn t know how the quarrel arose.

Disagreements have arisen from the new program.

【拓展】

1. arise还可意为 站起来，起立 。如：

He arose， telling me that he would wait for me outside the office.