教师资格考试英语专业知识：关系词的用法

（一）关系代词的用法：

1. 作主语用who, which和that, 如：

He is the man who/that lives next door.

The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen.

2. 作宾语用whom, who, which, that, 如：

The man we have just seen is a famous writer.

Where is the book I bought last week?

注：在非正式文体中，用于指人的关系代词who whom, that 通常可以省略，但在正式文体中通常用whom, 不可省略;用于指物的关系代词which和that 在非正式文体中也通常省略，但在正式文体中一般不省略。

3. 作定语用whose, 如：

He is the man whose car was stolen last week.

It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time.

注： whose +名词中心词 这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语，又能作宾语。whose 的先行词常用来指人，但有时也可以用来指具体事物或抽象概念，这时可以与of which 结构互换，词序是： 名词+of which ，如：

They came to a house whose back wall had broken down..

He s written a book the name of which I ve completely forgotten.

4. 作表语只用that ，它既可以指人，也可以指物，但时常省略。如：

He is no longer the man that he used to be.

This is no longer the dirty place it used to be.

（二）关系副词的用法：

1.when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它的先行词通常有：time, day, morning, night, week, year 等。如：

I still remember the time when I first became a college student.

Do you know the date when Lincoln was born?