教师招聘高中英语“重点时态考点归纳二”（语法知识）

 【过去完成时】

表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作，即过去完成时的动作发生在"过去的过去"，句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语，这种时态从来不孤立使用。

There had been 25 parks in our city up till 2009.

By the end of last term we had finished the book.

They finished earlier than we had expected.

考点一：用于hardly/scarcely...when; no sooner ...than句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。

I had hardly finished my work when he came to see me.

I had no sooner got into the room than it began to snow.

No sooner had I arrived home than the telephone rang. (注意倒装)

考点二：表示"第几次做某事"，主句用过去时，从句用过去完成时。

That was the second time that she had seen her grandfather.

考点三：动词hope, expect, think, intend, mean, want, suppose, plan 用过去完成时，表示未实现的愿望、打算和意图。

I had hoped that I could do the job. I had intended to see you but I was too busy.

【一般将来时】

表示在将来某个时间发生的动作或情况。常和tomorrow, next year, in 2008等表示将来的时间状语连用，其表现形式多达5种。

考点一：一般将来时总是用在一些时间状语从句或条件状语从句的主句中。

We will begin our class as soon as the teacher comes.

(主句用一般将来时，从句中一定要用一般现在时替代一般将来时。)

考点二：某些表示短暂性动作的动词如arrive, come, go, leave, start等，用现在进行时形式表示将来。

I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.

考点三："祈使句 + and / or + 句子"，这种结构中and后面的句子谓语用一般将来时。

Use your head and you will find a way.

考点四："be going to + 动词原形"，表示打算要做的事或可能要发生的事。

"be about to + 动词原形"表示按照预定计划或打算准备着手进行的动作。

"be to + 动词原形"表示必须、必然或计划将要做的事。

They are to be married in May.

【将来进行时】

表示将来某个时间正在发生的动作，或按计划一定会发生的事情。

I'll be doing my homework this time tomorrow. 明天这会我正在写作业。

The President will be meeting the foreign delegation at the airport.

【将来完成时】

表示在将来某时刻之前业已完成的事情，时间状语非常明显。

考点一：常用的时间状语一般用by + 将来时间 ，如：by the end of this year, by 8 o'clock this evening, by March next year以及由by the time…, before或when等引导的从句。

By the end of next month, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot.

By the time you reach the station, the train will have left.

By next Tuesday, I will have got ready for the exams.

考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，将来完成时则由现在完成时表示。

The children will do their homework the moment they have arrived back from school.

【动词的语态】

一般用于强调受者，做题时谓语动词后通常不再有名词或宾语。动词的语态一般不单独考，而是和时态、语气和非谓语动词一起考，需要注意以下考点。

考点一：不能用于被动语态的动词和词组

come true, consist of, take place, happen, become, rise, occur, belong, break out, appear, arrive, die, fall, last, exist, fail, succeed

It took place before liberation.

考点二：下列动词的主动语态表示被动意义, 而且常与well, quite, easily, badly等副词连用：lock, wash, sell, read, wear, blame, ride , write

Glass breaks easily. 玻璃容易破碎。 The car rides smoothly. 这车走起来很稳。

The case locks easily. 这箱子很好锁。 The book sells well. 这本书很畅销。

考点三：一些常用经典被动句型

It is said…, It is reported…, It is widely believed…，It is expected…, It is estimated…,

这些句子一般翻译为"据说…"，"人们认为…"，而"以前人们认为…"则应该说：It was believed…, It was thought…。