What does the example of the Smallpox Vaccine illustrate？

试卷相关题目

• 1The best title for the text may be

  A.“Vaccinations： A Blessing or A Curse”

  B.“Principles of Vaccinations”

  C.“Vaccines： Methods and Implications”

  D.“A Miracle Cure Under Attack”

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• 2The passage is mainly about

  A.why a robotic caterpillar can find trapped people

  B.how a robotic caterpillar work

  C.the instruction of the magnetic caterpillar

  D.how a robotic caterpillar peristalsis

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• 3Comparing the robotic caterpillar and the other robots， which of the following is not true？

  A.A smooth surface is indispensable to biped robots and wheeled robots.

  B.Flying robots are very inconvenient when moving， because they have too many moving parts.

  C.The robotic caterpillar only has rubber capsules filled with a magnetic flui

  D.D.It's incapable for wheeled robots to locate trapped people because they are impossible to miniaturiz

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• 4The meaning of the word “peristalsis” in paragraph three is similar to.

  A.swimming

  B.flying

  C.crawling

  D.walking

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• 5According to this passage， which is not TRUE about the construction of the robotic caterpillar？

  A.A robotic caterpillar is made from a series of rubber capsules filled with a magnetic fluid.

  B.Iron particles， water， and a detergent-like surfactant form a magnetic fluid.

  C.Each capsule filled with a magnetic fluid is linked to a pair of rubber rods.

  D.B.Iron particles， water， and a detergent-like surfactant form a magnetic fluid.C.Each capsule filled with a magnetic fluid is linked to a pair of rubber rods.D.In order to keep stable condition， the caterpillar's guts are wrapped in a clear， flexible polymer tub

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• 6The phrase “ward it off naturally” （Paragraph 2） most probably means

  A.dispose of it naturally

  B.fight it off with ease

  C.see to it reluctantly

  D.split it up properly

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• 7Which of the following is true according to the text？

  A.Saving the majority would necessarily justify the death of the minority.

  B.The immune system can be trained to fight weaker versions of a disease.

  C.Mandatory vaccinations are indispensable to the survival of the populace.

  D.The process of vaccination remains a mystery to be further resolved.

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• 8The purpose of the author in writing this passage is

  A.to comment and criticize

  B.to demonstrate and argue

  C.to interest and entertain

  D.to explain and inform

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• 9Sample oneDirections：In the following text， some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45， choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices， which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. （10 points）We are seeing a series of paradoxes at the turn of the millennium. On the one hand， globalization means that national frontiers are becoming increasingly meaningless， but on the other， we are being swept by a wave of parochialism， with countries clinging to the notion of sovereignty.41）But there are so many factors in the world that make this position increasingly meaningless. Governments no longer have complete control over their economic and monetary policies， and many multinationals now have greater profits than individual country's GDP.The end of the cold war has brought its own dangers and we need to find a new balance of power in the world. It has also spawned many conflicts. Governments must be prepared to surrender some authority to global and regional institutions or we risk world disorder. It is tragic that， just when we need a strong international organization， the United Nations is starved of funds and often sidelined by its own member states. What happened in East Timor was unforgivable because it was foreseeable. Angola has been another sad instance of international vacillation. 42）I do think world war is less likely for the present， although I worry about the proliferation of nuclear weapons at one end and lethal small arms at the other. 43）Another worry stems from the huge economic imbalances in a world where the richest 20 per cent have 86 per cent of global GDP， and the 20 poorest countries only one per cent.Humanitarian aid is no more than a palliative. 44）The international implications of， for example， the collapse of Africa are unthinkable. There must be a new concept of security based not just on military and defense matters but on economic and social concerns too. 45）The global pendulum has swung too far towards a total dependence on market forces， but finding some point of balance in the middle is extremely difficult. I am by nature optimistic， but in my gloomier moments I sometimes think the only solution will be an invasion from outer space-then at last everyone would unite！

  A.As long as more than a million people continue to live in direct poverty we can never hope to achieve national or international stability.

  B.We need an international body with teeth-morally and in action. Perhaps the UN should be given its own force.

  C.Many members of the UN have only become nation states in the last few decades， so I can understand why they are so keen to hang on to their independence.

  D.It is terrifying the way that power is increasingly disseminated to small， completely ruthless groups like terrorists， drug traffickers and local warlords. The great imponderable is that some nut could create a nuclear explosion. Or that some essentially local conflict could escalate out of control. You cannot isolate instability： it gets exported.

  E.C.Many members of the UN have only become nation states in the last few decades， so I can understand why they are so keen to hang on to their independence.D.It is terrifying the way that power is increasingly disseminated to small， completely ruthless groups like terrorists， drug traffickers and local warlords. The great imponderable is that some nut could create a nuclear explosion. Or that some essentially local conflict could escalate out of control. You cannot isolate instability： it gets exported.E.The mainly purpose of founding the United Nations is preventing aggressions and wars. It is hard to attribute the success to the United Nations although no new world war broke out since its establishment. The United Nations is always helpless of preventing the regional wars.

  G.The notion of sovereignty is more and more strong while the influence of the United Nations is weaker and weaker.

  H.A.As long as more than a million people continue to live in direct poverty we can never hope to achieve national or international stability.B.We need an international body with teeth-morally and in action. Perhaps the UN should be given its own force.C.Many members of the UN have only become nation states in the last few decades， so I can understand why they are so keen to hang on to their independence.D.It is terrifying the way that power is increasingly disseminated to small， completely ruthless groups like terrorists， drug traffickers and local warlords. The great imponderable is that some nut could create a nuclear explosion. Or that some essentially local conflict could escalate out of control. You cannot isolate instability： it gets exported.E.The mainly purpose of founding the United Nations is preventing aggressions and wars. It is hard to attribute the success to the United Nations although no new world war broke out since its establishment. The United Nations is always helpless of preventing the regional wars.F.The notion of sovereignty is more and more strong while the influence of the United Nations is weaker and weaker.G.Western countries must increase their development aid programmes， not out of charity but for reasons of self-interest.A. B. C. D. E. F. G.

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• 10Sample TwoDirections：The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 46-50， you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent text by choosing from the list A-G to fill in each numbered box. The first and the last paragraphs have been placed for you in Boxes. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. （10 points）

  A.But the latest big revision to the statistics， published by the Commerce Department at the end of July， told a different story. It showed that personal savings rates are still on a downward trend， and have fallen particularly sharply in the past 18 months.

  B.Bill Clinton likes to boast that America's economy is in its best shape for 30 years. In many ways he is right： the expansion has hummed along for more than six years， inflation is low， and unemployment has tumbled to 4.8%， a level not seen since the 1960s. Yet there is one glaring difference between today's economy and the glory days of a generation ago： saving， or rather the lack of it.

  C.Personal saving is only one factor in America's overall rate of thrift. Firms make a contribution through corporate saving （in fact， many economists reckon the distinction between household and corporate saving is a rather arbitrary one）， and the government， too， plays a big role. The bigger the deficit， the more it drags down overall savings rates.

  D.At one level， this revision cleared up a bit of a mystery. Economists had been surprised at the lack of a “wealth effect”： people did not seem to be spending much more， despite huge appreciation in the value of their stock market assets. The new statistics show much higher consumption.

  E.The bigger the deficit， the more it drags down overall savings rates.D.At one level， this revision cleared up a bit of a mystery. Economists had been surprised at the lack of a “wealth effect”： people did not seem to be spending much more， despite huge appreciation in the value of their stock market assets. The new statistics show much higher consumption.E.The picture is not pretty. Since the mid-1970s the long-trend in household saving has been downwards. Recently it appeared that this picture might be changing： personal saving rates in the mid-1990s appeared flat， or even on a slightly upward trend.

  G.Last year Americans put only 4.3% of their disposable income in the piggy bank， just about half as much as their parents salted away in 1967. Unless this trend towards profligacy is stemmed， and preferably reversed， America's “miracle economy” will rest on shaky foundations. Less obvious， however， is how to do it.

  H.A.But the latest big revision to the statistics， published by the Commerce Department at the end of July， told a different story. It showed that personal savings rates are still on a downward trend， and have fallen particularly sharply in the past 18 months.B.Bill Clinton likes to boast that America's economy is in its best shape for 30 years. In many ways he is right： the expansion has hummed along for more than six years， inflation is low， and unemployment has tumbled to 4.8%， a level not seen since the 1960s. Yet there is one glaring difference between today's economy and the glory days of a generation ago： saving， or rather the lack of it.C.Personal saving is only one factor in America's overall rate of thrift. Firms make a contribution through corporate saving （in fact， many economists reckon the distinction between household and corporate saving is a rather arbitrary one）， and the government， too， plays a big role. The bigger the deficit， the more it drags down overall savings rates.D.At one level， this revision cleared up a bit of a mystery. Economists had been surprised at the lack of a “wealth effect”： people did not seem to be spending much more， despite huge appreciation in the value of their stock market assets. The new statistics show much higher consumption.E.The picture is not pretty. Since the mid-1970s the long-trend in household saving has been downwards. Recently it appeared that this picture might be changing： personal saving rates in the mid-1990s appeared flat， or even on a slightly upward trend.F.Last year Americans put only 4.3% of their disposable income in the piggy bank， just about half as much as their parents salted away in 1967. Unless this trend towards profligacy is stemmed， and preferably reversed， America's “miracle economy” will rest on shaky foundations. Less obvious， however， is how to do it.G.A decade ago， America's abysmal savings rates could be explained to a large extent by government profligacy. But now that the big and deficit has been tamed， and which the prospect of a balanced budget by 2002， it is time to turn attention to Americans themselves.Order：B→　　41→　　42→　　43→　　44→　　45→　　DA. B. C. D. E. F. G.

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