2021湖南普通专升本：英语知识点中“反义疑问句”的用法

今天小编为大家整理的是专升本英语语法解析篇—反义疑问句，仅供参考。
反义疑问句是附加在陈述句之后，对陈述句所表示的事实或观点提出疑问的句子;附加疑问实际上是一种简略的一般疑问句。
反义疑问句的结构：陈述句(主语+谓语....),+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语(主语人称代词主格形式)
注意：
陈述句部分如果是肯定句，疑问句部分的助动词/情态动词/be动词+not(否定提问)
如果陈述句部分是否定句，疑问句部分用肯定式提问。(前肯后否，前否后肯)
一、祈使句的反义疑问句
1.一般祈使句
表示肯定意义，用will you/won't you进行反义疑问
Go with me,will you/won't you?
表示否定意义，用will you进行反义疑问
Don't do that again,will you?
2.let's引导的祈使句，用shall we进行反义疑问
Let's go for a walk,shall we?
3.let me或let us引导的祈使句，用will you进行反义疑问
Let me have a try,will you?
二、must表推测时的反义疑问句“一定，肯定”反义疑问句部分与must后面动词呼应
You must be joking,aren't you?
注意：用must对过去的动作推测时，反义疑问句部分的助动词用did或have对过去的状态推测，反义疑问句部分的be用was
she must have finished her work,hasn't she/didn't she?
三、否定句的反义疑问句当陈述句中否定词：hardly，never，seldom，little，few,nowhere,nothing等时，反义疑问句用肯定。
some plants never blown，do they?
1.复合句的反义疑问句大多数复合句的反义疑问句都对主句进行反义疑问。
He said he wanted to visit japan,didn't he?
他说他想去日本看看，他是那样说的吗?
注：陈述部分主语是第一人称I或we;谓语是(don't)think/suppose/believe/imagine等引导的宾语从句，这种宾语从句的反义疑问句应与从句的主语，谓语部分一致。I don't believe she has done it,has she?我认为他没有做，对吗?
2.当陈述部分的主语是everybody，everyone，someone，nobody，no one,somebody等合成代词时，附加疑问句中的主语通常用they，但亦可用he,尤其是nobody，no one等作主语，具有否定概念时。
somebody phoned while i was out,didn't they/didn't he?
我出去时有人给我打电话了，是这样吗?
3.当陈述部分的主语是不定代词everything，nothing，anything，something或指示代词this，that，these，those时，反义疑问句中的主语一般用it。
Everything is ready，isn't it?
一切就绪了，是吗?
4.当陈述部分出现i'm....时，反义疑问句用aren't i。
i am as tall as your sister,aren't i
我跟你姐一样高，对吗?
5.当陈述句为there be结构时，反义疑问句用be there.....。
there's something wrong with your watch,isn't there?
你的表有问题，对不对?
6.当陈述部分为You'd like to+v.时，反义疑问句用wouldn't+主语。
You'd like to go with me,wouldn't you?
你想跟我们一起去，对吗?
7.当陈述部分出现否定前缀时，反义疑问句仍用否定。
He was unsuccessful,wasn't he?
他是不成功的，不是吗?
8.当陈述部分为主从复合句时，反义疑问部分一般与主句保持一致。
she says that i did it,doesn't she?
她说我做了它，她说了吗?
但是当陈述部分的主语是i,谓语是think，believe,suppose,expect这类动词时，附加疑问部分则往往与从句中的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系，但要注意否定的转移。
i don't think she cares,doesn't she?
我认为她不在意，是吗?
但是，以lets开头的祈使句，附加疑问部分用shall we;以lets us开头的祈使句，如果含义是allow us,不包括听话人在内，疑问部分用will you.
Lets have a basketball match this afternoon,shall we?
一起打篮球比赛，好吗?
9.当陈述部分出现used to时，反义疑问句用usedn't或didn't
Tom used to live here,usedn't he?
汤姆以前住这儿，是吗?
10.当陈述部分出现ought to时，反义疑问句用oughtn't或者shouldn't。
He ought to know the answer,oughtn't he?
他应该知道答案，对吗?
11.当陈述部分出现wish，反义疑问句用may+主语
i wish to have a chance to learn english,may i?
我希望我有机会学习英语，行吗?
12.当陈述部分出现表示“所有”含义的have(has)时，反义疑问句既可以用have形式，也可用do形式。
you have a new bike,haven't you(或don't you)
你有一辆新自行车，是吗?
13.当陈述部分的主语是each of....结构时，反义疑问句用they/he
14.弄清陈述句中的‘d rather=would;rather=had better附加疑问句部分前者用would，后者用had
15.当陈述部分有had better+v.时，反义疑问句用hadn't you?
You'd better read it by yourself,hadn't you?
16.当陈述部分有would rather+v时，反义疑问句用wouldn't+主语he would rather read it ten times than recite it,wouldn't he?