2020湖南普通专升本：湖南专升本英语语法知识点汇总

    1、人称代词

    主格： I we you she he it they

    宾格： me us you her him it them

    形容词性物主代词：my our your her his its their

    名词性物主代词： mine ours yours hers his its theirs

 

    2.形容词和副词的比较级

    (1) 一般在形容词或副词后+er

    older taller longer stronger, etc

    (2) 多音节词前+more

    more interesting, etc.

    (3) 双写最后一个字母，再+er

    bigger fatter, etc.

    (4) 把y变i，再+er

    heavier, earlier

    (5) 不规则变化：

    well-better, much/many-more, etc.

    3.可数词的复数形式

    Most nouns + s a book –books

    Nouns ending in a consonant +y - y+ ies a story—stories

    Nouns ending in s, sh, ch or x + es a glass—glasses a watch-watches

    Nouns ending in o +s or +es a piano—pianos a mango—mangoes

    Nouns ending in f or fe - f or fe +ves a knife –knives a shelf-shelves
  
 
    4.不可数名词(单复数形式不变)

    bread, rice, water ,juice etc.

    5. 缩略形式

    I’m = I am you’re = you are she’s = she is he’s = he is

    it’s = it is who’s =who is can’t =can not isn’t=is not etc


    6. a/an

    a book, a peach

    an egg an hour


    7. Preposition:

    on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at, behind.

    表示时间： at six o’clock, at Christmas, at breakfast

    on Monday on 15th July On National Day

    in the evening in December in winter

 
    8. 基数词和序数词

    one – first two-second twenty-twentieth

    9. Some /any

    I have some toys in my bedroom.

    Do you have any brothers or sisters?

    10. be 动词

    (1) Basic form: am/are/is

    (2) 肯定和否定句 I am(not) from London.

    My eyes are(not) small.

    My hair is(not) long.

    (3)一般疑问句： Am I a Chniese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.

    Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.

    Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.

    11. there be 结构

    肯定句： There is a …

 
    There are …

    一般疑问句:Is there …? Yes, there is./ No, there isn’t.

    Are there…? Yes, there are. /No, there aren’t.

    否定句： There isn’t …. There aren’t….

    12. 祈使句

    Sit down please

    Don’t sit down, please.

 

    13. 现在进行时.通常用“now”.

    形式： be + verb +ing

    eg: I am(not) doing my homework.

    You/We/They are(not) reading.

    He/She/It is(not) eating.

    动词 —ing 的形式

    Most verbs +ing walk—walking

    Verbs ending in e -e + ing come—coming

    Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant run –running swim—swimming


    14 一般现在时。通常用 “usually, often, every day, sometimes”。

     形式：

    肯定句：

    I go to school on foot every day.

    She goes to school on foot every day.

    在英语里的词性有如下这些：

    1，名词，Nouns (n.) 表示人或事物的名称 box, pen,tree,apple

    2，代词，Pronouns (pron.)代替名词、数词、形容词We, this, them,myself

    3，形容词， Adjectives(adj.) 用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的特征 good, sad, high, short

    4，数词，Numerals(num.)表示数目或顺序 one,two, first

    5，动词，Verb (v.) 表示动作或状态 Jump,sing,visit

    6，副词，Adverbs（adv.) 修饰动、形、副等词，表示动作特征 there,widely,suddenly

    7，冠词，Articles (art.) 用在名词前，帮助说明名词所指的范围 a, an, the

    8，介词，Prepositions (prep.) 用在名词或代词前，说明它与别的词的关系 in,on,down,up

    9，连词，Conjunctions (conj.) 表示人或事物的名称if,because,but

    10，感叹词， Interjections (int.) 代替名词、数词、形容词等 oh,hello,hi,yeah

    vt.是及物动词，vt.后必须跟宾语：sing a song

    vi.是不及物动词，vi.后不直接带宾语或不带;