2020湖南普通专升本:专升本英语现在完成时的用法
来源:长理培训发布时间:2020-08-17 20:59:04
1.表示结束、结果
现在完成时表示一个过去发生并结束的动作对现在产生的影响。这一类情况可以细分为下述两种情况:
表示开始于过去的动作刚刚结束。常和already(已经),just(刚刚),now(现在),yet(迄今、还),not...yet(还没有)等连用:I've already read that book.我已经读过那本书。
You're too late;the train has just left.你来得太完了,火车刚开走。
表示过去动作的结果,现在仍残留着;一般不用时间状语:
It has just snowed.刚刚下过雪。(地上有积雪)
I have lost my watch.我把手表丢了。(现在仍未找到)
The concert has started.We have to look for our seats in the dark.音乐会已经开始了,我们得在黑暗中找座位。
The president's sudden death has left the country leaderless.总统突然去世,使该国处于无领袖状态。
2.表示继续
表示过去已经开始,持续到现在,仍要继续下去的动作或状态。往往和表示一段时间包括现在时间在内的状语连用,如today(今天),this week/month(本周/月),lately(最近),recently(最近),these days(这些日子),in the past few years(在过去的几年里),since(从……以来),since yesterday(从昨天以来),for a long time(很长时间),for a month/several years(一个月/几年),so far(迄今为止),up to now(直到现在),till/until now(直到现在)等:
He's known me for over twenty years.他和我相识已20多年了。
Has he studied French very long?他学习法语很久了吗?
How long have you studied English?你学英语多久了?(现在仍在学)
Up to now/Until now we've had no problems.直到现在为止,我们没有碰到任何问题。
3.表示经历和经验
表示从过去到现在之间经历过的事情。常和often(常常),never(从来没有),ever(曾经),once(一次),twice(两次),three times(三次),before(在……之前),since(自……以来)等连用:
Haven't I seen you before?我以前见过你吧?
He has known both grief and happiness.悲伤和欢乐的滋味他都尝过。
We have not been to the cinema recently.我们最近没有去过电影院。
I have not seen that film yet.我还没有看过那部电影。
Her husband died ten years ago,but she has since remarried.她丈夫10年前去世,她后来又嫁人了。
I've read the novel twice.这部小说我看了两遍。
I've never been so annoyed in all my life!(=I was extremely annoyed)我这一生从没有这样恼火过!
4.用于状语从句
在时间或条件状语从句中,通常用现在完成时代替将来完成时,表示将来某一时刻前业已完成的动作:
Tell me what you think of the book when you've read it.你看完这本书后,告诉我你的想法。
We'll start at2 o'clock pm if it has stopped raining by then.我们将于下午2点开始,如果那时雨停了的话。
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