备考2020年普通专升本:英语语法之过去完成时的用法
来源:长理培训发布时间:2020-08-16 10:34:20
1、在宾语从句中的运用:
A.To my surprise,Josh told me that he had engaged.
令我惊讶的是,乔希告诉我他已经订婚了。
B.Lizzy asked John what the professor had said in class.
在课上,利兹问约翰,教授说了什么。(这里“said”的动作在“ask”之前)
2、在定语从句中的运用:
A.Yesterday,I helped an old man who had lost her way.
昨天,我帮助了一个已经迷路的老人。(who引导的定语从句)
3、在以主语+had done,before/by+过去时间状语词组/从句中的运用:
A.Mr.Wanghad attended the conference and delivered a speech before he visited Yorkshire.
王先生在去约克郡之前已经出席了会议并发表演讲。(before引导的从句,一般过去时)
B.Cappuccino had become a quick seller in Starbucks,by the end of last month.
到上个月底为止,卡布奇诺已经成为了星巴克的畅销品。(by引导的时间状语)
英语语法之过去完成时的用法
4、Had done在虚拟语气中的运用(属于较特殊情况):
(1)在虚拟条件句中的运用,此时的意思要根据语境而定,可以与虚拟语气一起来归纳。主要表示与过去事实相反的愿望,即与过去事实相反。
A.If I I had taken your advice,I would have got a good grade in the exam.
如果我听取了你的建议,我将会在考试中取得好的成绩。(had taken表明过去我没有采取建议)
(2)有expect,intend,suppose(假定),hope,think等动词的过去完成时在句中出现时,表示未实现的打算,希望,愿望的意味。
A.I expect that I had been an intern in that company.
我希望我已经是那个公司的一名实习生。(同样地,我并不是这个公司的实习生)
(3)在If only(但愿,要是)or wish出现的虚拟语气中,同样也表示与过去事实相反的愿望,想法。
A.Honestly,if only I had studied in university.
说真的,要是我在大学学习多好!(事实上我没有,与现实相反)
B.I wish I had been awarded the prize in the sports meeting.
我希望我在运动会上被授予了奖励。(事实上获奖不存在)
5、在时间状语从句中的运用:
例如一些引导词since,until,no sooner...than,hardly...when,scarcely...when等,一般可视为"had done"出现的信号,从句常用一般过去时。
A.No sooner had Whitney Houston began to sing a song than there was an instant sensation.
惠特妮·休斯顿一开始唱歌,就引起了瞬时的轰动。(注意:这里由于no sooner否定前置,句子谓语部分倒装,所以”had”提前)
A.It was a long time since Darcy had lived in this city.
达西住在这座城市已经有很长时间了。(达西在过去的某个时间点之前就住在这座城市)
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