解放军文职招聘考试 英译汉文章翻译赏析

 英译汉文章翻译赏析
时间:2009年06月01日
【英译中选段六】原文（by Robert Frost）
The Gift Outright
The land was once ours before we were the land’s.
She was our land more than a hundred years.
Before we were her people. She was ours
In Massachusetts, in Virginia;
But we were England’s, still colonials,
Possessing what we still were unpossessed by,
Possessed by what we now no more possessed.
Something we were withholding made us weak
Until we found out that it was ourselves
We were withholding from our land of living,
And forthwith found salvation in surrender.
Such as we were we gave ourselves outright
(The deed of gift was many deeds of war)
To the land vaguely realizing westward,
But still unstoried, artless, unenhanced,
Such as she was, such as she would become.
(原载 http://www.americaslibrary.gov )
译文 （余光中译）：
全心的奉献
土地先属于我们，我们才属于土地。
她成为我们的土地历一百余年，
我们才成为她的人民。当时
她属于我们，在麻萨诸塞，在佛吉尼亚，
但我们属于英国，仍是殖民之身，
我们拥有的，我们仍漠不关心，
我们关心的，我们已不再拥有。
我们保留的一些什么使自己贫弱，
直到我们发现，原来是我们自己，
保留着，不肯给自己生息之地，
立刻，在献身之中找到了生机。
赤裸裸地，我们全心将自己奉献，
（献身的事迹是多次的战迹）
献身与斯土，斯土正浑沦拓展，向西，
但迄未经人述说，朴实无华，未加渲染。
当时她如此，且预示她仍将如是。
（原载《余光中选集第五卷：译品集》，黄维樑、江弱水编选，安徽教育出版社，1999）
【英译中选段七】
原文（by Fancis Bacon）
Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business. For expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, come best from those that are learned. To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgment wholly by their rules, is the humour of a scholar.
 
译文（王佐良译）：
读书足以怡情，足以傅彩，足以长才。其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其傅彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别枝节，然纵观统筹、全局策划，则舍好学深思者莫属。读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文断事乃学究故态。
(原文译文皆原载《翻译：思考与试笔》，王佐良，外语教学与研究出版社，1989)
【英译中选段一】
原文：
Happily lived Mankind in the peaceful Valley of Ignorance.
To the north, to the south, to the west and to the east stretched the ridges of the Hills Everlasting.
A little stream of Knowledge trickled slowly through a deep worn gully.
It came out of the Mountain of the Past.
It lost itself in the Marshes of the Future.
It was not much, as rivers go. But it was enough for the humble needs of the villagers.
In the evening, when they had watered their cattle and had filled their casks, they were content to sit down to enjoy life.
The Old Men Who Knew were brought forth from the shady corners where they had spent their day, pondering over the mysterious pages of an old book.
They mumbled strange words to their grandchildren, who would have preferred to play with the pretty pebbles, brought down from distant lands.
 
译文：
在宁静的无知之谷中，人类快乐地生活着。
永恒之山向四面八方延伸。
一条知识小溪从深壑幽谷中缓缓流过。
它从往昔的山脉中流来。
它消失在未来的沼泽中。
溪水不大，不及河水滚滚，但它足以应付村民们那微薄的需求了。
晚上，当他们饮罢牲口、灌满水桶之后，就坐下来心满意足地享受生活。
见多识广的老人们从阴冷的角落里出来了。整个白天他们都呆在那里，对着一本古书上的神秘文字沉思。
他们嘴里嘟哝着奇怪的话语，对着孙儿们喋喋不休。而孙儿们更愿意把玩那些从遥远的异乡带回的美丽小石子。
 
【英译中选段二】
原文：(by Francis Bret Hart)
But the faith of the majority proved to be securely based. Bill had scarcely ceased growling before we heard a quick step upon the porch, the trailing of a wet skirt, the door was flung open, and with flash of white teeth, a sparkle of dark eyes, and an utter absence of ceremony of diffidence, a young woman entered, shut the door, and, panting, leaned back against it.
“Oh, if you please, I’m Miggles!”
And this was Miggles! This bright-eyed, full-throated young woman, whose wet gown of coarse blue stuff could not hide the beauty of the feminine curves to which it clung; from the chestnut crown of whose head, topped by a man’s oilskin sou’wester, to the little feet and ankles, hidden somewhere in the recesses of her boy’s brogans, all was grace—this was Miggles, laughing at us, too, in the most airy, frank, offhand manner imaginable.
(节选自Miggles, Francis Bret Hart, Overland Monthly, Jun. 1869)
 
译文：（胡适译）
但我们多数人的意见是不错的。余八的气话还没有说完，我们就听见了门口有很快点脚步声响，还夹着湿裙子拖在门阶上的声音。门开了，一个年轻女子走进来—雪白的牙齿，晶莹的眼睛，绝无拘束又绝无狐疑的神气—她随手关上门，喘着气，靠在门上，开口说：
“哦，对不住，我是米格儿！”
原来这是米格儿—这个晶莹妙目，响亮喉咙的少年女人，她的蓝粗布的湿衣服遮不住她身上的曲线美，从她头顶上漆皮男雨帽罩着的栗色头发，到她脚下男式粗靴遮着的脚和踝骨，样样都是优美的风标—这是米格儿。（原载《短篇小说集》，胡适，上海亚东图书馆，1993）
 
【英译中选段三】
原文：(by Robert Browning)
You’ll Love Me Yet
Robert Browning
You’ll love me yet! – and I can tarry
Your love’s protracted growing;
June rear’d that bunch of flowers you carry
From seeds of April’s sowing.
 
I plant a heartful now: some seed
At least is sure to strike,
And yield—what you’ll not pluck indeed,
Not love, but, may be, like.
 
You’ll look at least on love’s remains,
A grave’s one violet:
Your look? – that pays a thousand pains.
What’s death? You’ll love me yet!
(原载Pippa Passes, the Poetical Works of Robert Browning :Bells and Pomegranates, Ian Jack, Oxford University Press, 1991)
译文：（胡适译）
你总有爱我的一天
罗伯特·勃朗宁
你总有爱我的一天！
我能等着你的爱慢慢长大。
你手里提的那把花，不也是四月下的种，六月才开的吗？
 
我如今种下满心窝的种子，
至少总有一两粒生根发芽，
开的花是你不要采的，——
不是爱，也许是一点喜欢罢。
 
我坟前开的一朵紫罗兰，——
爱的遗迹， ——你总会瞧他一眼；
你那一眼吗？抵得我千般苦恼了。
死算什么？你总有爱我的一天。
（原载《尝试集·尝试后集》， 胡适，贵州教育出版社，2001）
 
【英译中选段四】
 
原文：(by William Shakespeare)
Hamlet
(Act Ⅱ, Scene ⅱ)
Hamlet:
…I have of late—but wherefore I know not—lost all my mirth, forgone all custom of exercise; and indeed it goes so heavily with my disposition that this goodly frame, the earth, seems to me a sterile promontory, this most excellent canopy, the air, look you, this brave o’erhanging firmament, this majestical roof fretted with golden fire, why, it appeareth nothing to me but a foul and pestilent congregation of vapours. What a piece of work is a man! How noble in reason! How infinite in faculties! In form and moving how express and admirable! In action how like an angel! In apprehension how like a god! The beauty of the world! The paragon of animals! And yet, to me, what is this quintessence of dust? Man delights not me—no, nor woman neither, though by your smiling you seem to say so. (原载Shakespeare Made Easy, William Shakespeare, Hutchinson Publishing Group Ltd.,1986)
 
译文：（卞之琳译）
丹麦王子哈姆雷特
（第二幕 第二场）
哈：
……我近来——也不知道为什么缘故——变成了兴致全无，再不想操练戏乐；我心情如此沉重，直觉得大地这一副大好的框架是伸到茫茫大海里的一座荒凉的山岬，天空这一顶极好的帐篷，你们看，这一片罩在头顶上的豪华的苍穹，这一层镶嵌了金黄色火点子的房顶，啊，我觉得也无非是一大堆结聚在一起的乌烟瘴气。人是多么了不起的一件作品！理性是多么高贵！力量是多么无穷！仪表和举止是多么端整，多么出色！论行动，多么像天使！论了解，多么像天神！宇宙之华！万物之灵！可是，对于我，这点泥土里提炼出来的玩意儿算得了什么呢？人，并不能使我欢喜；不，女人也不行，尽管从你的微笑里，我看出你有相反的意思。（原载《莎士比亚戏剧四种》，卞之琳译，人民文学出版社，1988）
 
【英译中选段五】
原文：（by Bertrand Russell）
Among average respectable women envy plays an extraordinarily large part. If you are sitting in the underground and a well-dressed woman happens to walk along the car, watch the eyes of the other women. You will see that every one of them, with the possible exception of those who are even better dressed, will watch the woman with malevolent glances, and will be struggling to draw inference as derogatory to her. The love of scandal is an expression of this general malevolence; any story against another woman is instantly believed, even on the flimsiest evidence. A lofty morality serves the same purpose; those who have a chance to sin against it are envied, and it is considered virtuous to punish them for their sins. This particular form of virtue is certainly its own reward. (节选自 The Conquest of Happiness, Bertrand Russell, H. Liveright, 1930)
 
译文（傅雷译）：
在一般的善良妇女身上，嫉妒具有非常大的作用。要是你坐在地道车内，有一个衣服华丽的女子在车厢旁边走过时，你试试留神旁的女子的目光罢。她们之中，除了比那个女子穿着更华美的以外，都将用着恶意的眼光注视着她，同时争先恐后的寻出贬抑她的说话。喜欢飞短流长的谈论人家的阴私，就是这种一般的恶意的表现：对别一个女人不利的故事，立刻被人相信，哪怕是捕风捉影之谈。一种严峻的道德观也被做着同样的用处：那些有机会背叛道德的人是被嫉妒的，去惩罚这等罪人是被认为有功德的。有功德当然就是道德的酬报了。
（原载《傅雷全集》，范用主编，辽宁教育出版社，2002）
 
【英译中选段八】
原文：
I first heard the term “medical ethics” in my childhood, a long time ago. Then, it referred to a small set of unambiguous, un-philosophical matters worried over only by doctor’s and their families and related exclusively to money. Doctors who advertised, overcharged their patients, surreptitiously took over the care of patients already being looked after by another doctor, or split fees with other doctors were unethical and that was what the word meant. Doctors who performed abortions were not unethical, they were immoral or criminal, or both. Human experimentation was not unethical because there was no such activity, or perhaps it is better to say that it was not realized, even by practicing doctors, that experiments were performed on patients in the normal course of medical practice.
（节选于 Cecil Textbook of Medicine）, 18 edi., W.B. Saunders Co., 1986
 
译文（王贤才译）：
我是在很久以前，在儿童时期第一次听到“医学伦理学”这个术语的。当时它是指一些非常明确得非关哲理方面的事件，关心的也只有医生及其家属，而且都与钱有关。对病人大吹大擂，收费过高；以不正当手段拉拢其他医生经治的病人；从其他医生处赚钱等，都是不道德的，所谓“医学伦理学”或“医德”，就是这个意思。医生做流产虽说不是不道德，但也算歪门邪道甚至犯罪。拿人做实验不算不道德，因为没有这种活动，或者更确切地说，是由于还没有认识到：在正常医疗实践过程中，就是在对病人进行实验—然而就是正在这样做的临床医生，也没有意识到这点。
（原载《希氏内科学》第十七、十八版补译本，王贤才译，北京学院出版社，1991）
 
【英译中选段九】
原文（by 林语堂）：
The small feet of Chinese women are not only pleasing in men’s eyes but in a strange and subtle way they influence the whole carriage and walking gait of the women, throwing the hips backward, somewhat like the modern high-heeled shoes, and effecting an extremely gingerly gait, the body “shimmying” all over and ready to fall at the slightest touch. Looking at a woman with bound feet walking is like looking at a rope-dancer, tantalizing to the highest degree. The bound foot is indeed the highest sophistication of the Chinese sensual imagination.
（原文原载于《吾国与吾民》My Country and My People, 林语堂著，外语教学与研究出版社，1998）
 
译文（黄嘉德译）：
中国妇女的小脚不仅使男人的眼光感觉可爱，却是微妙地影响及于妇女的整个风采和步态，致使她们的粉臀肥满而向后凸出，其作用等于摩登姑娘的穿高跟皮鞋，且产生一种极拘谨纤婉得步态，使整个身躯形成弱不禁风，摇摇欲倒，以产生楚楚可怜的感觉。看缠足妇女的走路，有如看走绳索的舞女，使人可望而不即，撩起无限烦愁和心绪。缠足却为中国人在性的理想上最高度的诡秘。
(译文原载于《吾国与吾民》林语堂著，黄嘉德译，陕西师范大学出版社，2002)
 
【英译中选段十】
原文：
And tonight, I think about all that she's seen throughout her century in America the heartache and the hope; the struggle and the progress; the times we were told that we can't, and the people who pressed on with that American creed: Yes we can..
At a time when women's voices were silenced and their hopes dismissed, she lived to see them stand up and speak out and reach for the ballot. Yes we can.
When there was despair in the dust bowl and depression across the land, she saw a nation conquer fear itself with a New Deal, new jobs and a new sense of common purpose. Yes we can.
When the bombs fell on our harbor and tyranny threatened the world, she was there to witness a generation rise to greatness and a democracy was saved. Yes we can.
 
译文：
今天晚上，我想到了她在美国过去一百年间经历的林林总总：心痛和希望；奋斗和进步；那些我们被告知我们办不到的年代，以及那些坚信美国信条的人们------是的，我们能做到。
曾几何时，妇女的声音发不出，她们的希望变成泡影。安·尼克松·库波尔活了下来，看到妇女们站了起来，看到她们大声发表自己的见解，看到她们去参加投票。是的，我们能做到。
当黄尘地带处于绝望之中，大萧条满布全国时，她看到一个国家用（罗斯福）新政、新工作岗位以及对共同目标的追求来战胜内心的恐慌。是的，我们能做到。
当炸弹袭击了我们的海港、独裁专制威胁到整个世界时，她见证了一代人的伟大崛起，见证了一个民主国家的被拯救。是的，我们能做到。