解放军文职招聘考试2010—2011第一学期汉语言文学知识理论考试

来源：长理培训发布时间：2017-05-21 16:01:14

2. Magna Carta had altogether 63 clauses of which the most important matters could be seen in three of the following except _______. [B]
A. no tax should be made without the approval of the Grand Council;
B. no serf should be arrested, imprisoned or deprived of his property except by the law of the land
C. London and other towns should retain their ancient rights and privileges
D. There should be the same weights and measures through - out the country.

3. The first steam engine was devised by Thomas Newcomer at the end of the 17th century, and the Scottish inventor ________ modified and improved the design in 1765. [B]
A. Abraham Darby
B. James Watt
C. John Kay
D. Richard Arkwright

4. In some areas factory farming methods are used, particularly for ________. [D]
A. growing crop
B. producing milk
C. catching fish
D. rearing poultry

5. By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed ______ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom. [A]
A. Prime Minister
B. Member of Parliament
C. Lord of Appeal
D. Speaker of the House

6. Under the Anglo - Irish Treaty, Britain established _______ with dominion status in Ireland in 1921. [B]
A. the Anglican Church of Ireland
B. the Irish Free State
C. the Irish Republican Army
D. the Anglo - Irish Intergovernmental Council

8. _______ realized that he could win support for the Union at home and abroad by making the war a just war against slavery. [D]
A. Frederick Douglass
B. George Washington
C. John Adams
D. Abraham Lincoln

9. But even after the abolition of slavery, organized or individual discrimination was practiced against ______. [D]
A. Chinese - Americans
B. American Indians
C. Japanese - Americans
D. black Americans

10. From 1948 to 1966 average yearly growth in real spendable earnings was ______ percent in the United States. [B]
A. 1.1
B. 2.1
C. 3.1
D. 4.1

11. After a period of prosperity (1920 ~ 1929), government involvement in the economy increased _________. [A]
A. during the Great Depression
B. after the WW I
C. after the WW II
D. during the Cold War

12. The United States grows nearly _____ of the world's grain and supplies a half of all the exports of grain in the world. [B]
A. one third
B. one fourth
C. one sixth
D. one seventh

13. Through the Department of _____, the President is responsible for the protection of Americans abroad and of foreign nationals in the United States. [A]
A. State
B. Justice
C. Labor
D. Defense

14. The community college embodies ________ belief that an education should be practical as well as liberal. [B]
A. George Washington's
B. Thomas Jefferson's
C. Abraham Lincoln's
D. Franklin Roosevelt's

20. In the United States, Halloween is night - time ______ holiday. [A]
A. children's
B. men's
C. women's
D. old men's

22. In Britain the succession order of the Crown can be altered only by common consent of _____. [D]
A. all members of the royal family
B. the House of Lords and the House of Commons
C. cabinet and ministry
D. the countries of the Commonwealth

25. In the United States, _____ is a leading commercial crop in the South. [A]
A. cotton
B. tobacco
C. peanut
D. apple
III. Directions: For each of the following blanks, only one word is suitable. Write the word in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. (25%)
1. The England Civil War not only overthrew _____ in England, but also undermined the feudal rule in Europe. 【the feudal system】
2. Two of the most important literary writers of the late 17th Century England were _____ and _____. Both were Puritans. 【John Bunyon】【 John Milton】
3. During the WW II, the leaders of the United States, the Soviet Union and Britain met at ______, _______ and _______ conferences. 【Teheran】【Yalta】【Potsdam】
4. The American War of Independence show that a ______ nation can defeat a _______ one. 【strong】
6. Britain is a welfare state which is funded out of ______ and ______. 【contributions national insurance】【taxation】
7. The government education departments _____ education policies and are also responsible for the ________ and training of teachers. 【formulate】【supply】
8. The South's lending industries are those that make use of the _______ supply of natural resources and _____ materials. 【abundant】【raw】
9. The Senate serves a term of _____ years, and every two years, _______ of the Senators stands for re - election. 【one】【one third 】
10. Fianna Fail continues to demand that the British be withdrawn from ______ but it opposes the use of violence to achieve this goal. 【Northern Ireland】
14. Mrs. Thatcher's government used both _____ and _______ policies to improve the efficiency of the British economy in the 1980's. 【 macreconomic】【microeconomic】
16. Ireland is a ______ republic and a unitary state under the 1937 Constitution【Parliamentary】
17. The highest peak of Britain is ______. It is about ________ meters high, located in the Highlands of Scotland. 【Ben Nevis】【1,3000】
18. ________ is the largest and most populous of the three political divisions on the island of Great Britain. 【England】
20. The New York Stock Market crash of 1929 marked the beginning of ________. 【the Great Depression】
21. By 1918 car _______ had reached 2.5 million, which showed the United States was on the way to becoming a nation on ______. 【registration; wheels】
22. The Paris Conference ending the First World War was dominated by the Big Four: the United States, _______, France, and _______. 【Britain】【Italy】
25. In the UK, the party which wins the second largest number of seats in the House becomes _______, with is one leader, and forms a ________. 【the Opposition】【Shadow cabinet】
26. The Governor - General of a Commonwealth state is appointed by the Queen on the advice of ______ of the country concerned and completely independent of the British Government. 【the ministers】
27. In 1453 England was at last defeated in the ______ Years War. At that time power in England was in the hands of a number of rich and ______ nobles. 【Hundred】【ambitious】
28. During the First Civil War of the England Bourgeois Revolution, those who stood on the side of the king were called ________ and those who supported the Parliament were called ______ because of their short haircuts. 【Cavaliers】【Roundheads】
29. The legislative body in the province of Quebec is called the "National Assembly" while in Newfoundland it is called ________. 【 House of Assembly】

2. diversity of American education
Diversity is considered to be an outstanding characteristic of American education. This can be seen not only in type, size and control of the institutions, but educational policies and practices. As is stated by the Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, education is a function of the state, not the federal govemment. As each state has the freedom to develop its own school system and delegates its power over education to local districts, many variations can be found in the education system of the 50 states.

1. Look at a physical map of the United States and find out and name the main monition ranges, rivers and lakes in the United States.
There are two main mountain ranges in the United States. They are the Appalachian Mountains and the Rocky Mountains. There are many important rivers in the United States. The Mississippi River and its two branches, the Missouri River and the Ohio River, flow south to the Gulf of Mexico. On the Pacific side there are two great rivers: the Colorado River and the Columbia River. The Rio Grande River forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the United States. Other well known rivers include the Hudson River which meets the Atlantic Ocean at New Yurk and the Potomac boarding the national capital of Washington. The most important lakes in the United States are the Great Lakes. They are Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. They are all located between Canada and the United States except Lade Michigan.
2. How many constituencies are there in Britain today?
How many members are there in the House of Commons?
To hold general elections, Britain is divided into 651 constituencies, each of which returns one member to the House of Commons. There are 651 members in the House of Commnos.
3. What were the effects of European settlement on the Aborigines?
White settlement in 1788 proved disastrous for the Aborigines. (1) Aboriginal culture and society were totally disrupted because of a total conflict of cultures. (2) The loss o land to white people led to the breakdown of their tribal life because Aboriginal culture was based on the land. (3) After losing their land, Aborigines became dependent on white handouts. They copied the European habit of drinking alcohol, which destroyed large numbers of Aborigines. (4) The whites also brought many diseases which the Aborigines had no resistance to. (5) All these, combined with the violence between Europeans and Aborigines resulted in the drastically reduction in Aboriginal population. The Aborigines have always been in unfavorable position ever since 1788. The Aborigines still face legal, political, economic and social discrimination today.
4. Sinn Fein
Sinn Fein was the Irish guerrilla movement that wrested independence from the British in 1921. It spit in 1921 over the Anglo - Irish Treaty and became two parties, Fianna Fail and Fine Gael, which remains to be the two major political parties in Ireland today.

1. Tell briefly the history of the two - party system in the United States. What are the characteristics of the two major parties in the United States today?
There nave been four periods in the history of the two - party system in the United States.
(1) During the Ratification period, the first two major parties appeared. They were the Federalists and the Anti - Federalists. After the adoption of the Bill of Rights, the Anti - Federalists began to call themselves Democratic - Republicans. The Federalists gradually disintegrated. (2) After the 1828 election of Andrew Jackson, the Democratic - Republican Party split. The main faction led by Jackson was called the Whig Party which formed in 1834. As the struggle over slavery intensified, the majority of the Whig Party, part of the democrats, and other anti - slavery elements formed the Republican Party in 1854. (3) From 1860s to 1920s, the Republican Party dominated the political scene. (4) From the time of President Franklin Roosevelt to the 1980s, the Democratic Party was dominant, with short interruptions.
Traditionally, the Democrats support government intervention in the economy and a strong social security system. While the Republicans stress the role of the market more and oppose large government social security programs. But the two parties are not really very different. They both believe in individualism, defend capitalism and uphold private ownership of means of production. Their organizations are both very loose. But they are both very significant in political life.

1. Which is the largest city in Scotland?[ C]
A. Cardiff    B. Edinburgh   C. Glasgow    D. Manchester
2. Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England?[A]
A. The Anglo-Saxons        B. The Normans
C. The Vikings             D. The Romans
3. Under the William of Normandy (known as “William the Conqueror”) the Normans crossed the English Channel in_____, and the Battle of Hastings, defeated an English army under king Harold. [A]
A. 1066     B. 1707     C.1536     D. 1801
4. Which of the following statements is NOT true?[C]
A. Sinn Fein is a legal political party in Northern Ireland.
B. Those who want to unite Northern Ireland with Britain are called Unionists.
C. The Social Democratic and Labor Party is a very important political party in Britain.
D. Those who show their loyalty to the British Crown are called Loyalists.
5. Which of the following about the Queen is NOT true?[A]
A. The Queen selects the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.
B. The Queen symbolizes the tradition and unity of the British state.
C. The Queen acts as a confidante to the Prime Minister.
D. The Queen is the temporal head of the Church of England.
6. Which of the following about the House of Lords is NOT true?C
A. Lords do not receive salaries and many do not attend Parliament sittings.
B. It consists of the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal.
C. The lords are expected to represent the interests of the public.
D. Most of the Lords in the House of Lords are males.
7. There are three major parties in the UK: the Conservative Party, the Labor Party and the ________.[C]
A. Republican               B. Liberal Party
C. Liberal Democratic Party    D. Green Party
10. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16_______.[B]
A. can legally receive partly free education
B. can legally receive completely free education
C. can not receive free education at all
D. can not receive free education if their parents are rich
11. Which of the following schools would admit children without reference to their academic abilities?[A]
A. Comprehensive schools     B. Secondary schools
C. Independent schools        D. Grammar schools
12.In England there is a truly English holiday: Bonfire Night ---sometimes called ________; while in Scotland, New Year’s Eve called _______ is the major winter celebration.[A]
A. Guy Fawkes Night, Hogmanay    B. Eisteddfod, St Patrick Day
C. Easter Day, Boxing Day          D. Halloween Day, Ramadan
13. The English Parliament originated in the _______---an advisory assembly of the king’s chief vassals, including the clergy.[C]
A. Privy Council    B. Cabinet   C. Great Council   D. Congress
14. At present Ireland Parliament has _____members called Teachtai Dala; while Senate has _____members who are not directly elected. [A]
A. 166, 60      B. 435, 100      C. 651, 400    D. 300, 120
15. The Wars of the Roses were fought between the family of Lancaster and the family of _______[D]
A. Tudor       B. Stuart        C. Hanover     D. York
16. Which of the following is NOT a part of the Protestant value system?
A. self-indulgence      B. Rationalism    C. Asceticism   D. Individualism
17. In Australia each of the government department is administered jointly by ____and ____.
A. President, and Governor General    B. Minister, the Head of Department
C. Prime Minister, Chancellor         D. Chairman, Magistrate

20. ______was the first to start the Religious Reformation and the next important leader of the Reformation was _______.
A. Martin Luther, John Milton
B. John Calvin, the English King Henry VII
C. Martin Luther King, William Penn
D. Martin Luther, John Calvin
21.Which of the following statements is NOT correct? When the Constitution was written,
A. There was a Bill of Rights in the Constitution.
B. There was no Bill of Rights.
C. The Constitution did not have any words guaranteeing the freedoms or the basic rights and privileges of citizens.
D. A “Bill of Rights” was added to the Constitution four years after the Constitution was made.
22. Which of the following is the only branch that can make federal laws, and levy federal taxes?
A. The executive.   B. The legislative.   C. The Judicial.   D. The president.
23. Which of the following statements is NOT correct according to the author?
A. American mainstream culture is based on Protestantism.
B. Protestant Church is an established church by law in the US.
C. The Catholic Church is the largest single religious group in the US.
D. The largest church is of the Protestant faith in the US.
24. The Declaration of Independence was adopted by the ____ Continental Congress on July 4, _____.
A. First, 1774    B. First, 1776     C. Second, 1774   D. Second, 1776
25. _______ was separated from the Roman Catholic Church at the Reformation in the 16th Century, spreading over Britain, the USA, Germany and other western countries.
A. Christianity                B. Protestantism
C. Orthodox Eastern Church     D. Buddhism
II. For each of the following blanks, write the suitable word or term in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. (10%)
1. One of the oldest of the early “old English” literary works is a long poem from 【Anglo-Saxons】times called Beowulf.
2. With the Norman Conquest in 11th century Britain entered the 【Middle Age】(1066-1485), and the language of the royal court became French.
3. The full name of the United Kingdom is 【the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.】
4. The Anglican Church is the established church of the English nation. It is also called 【church of England】. The two terms are almost interchangeable. It is one of the main denominations of Protestantism.
5. In USA, one of the measurements for an undergraduate in academic progress is _______or “points”. It is defined as one hour of classroom lecture, or two to three hours of experiments per week for a semester.
6. During the First Civil War of the England Bourgeois Revolution, those who stood on the side of the king were called Cavaliers, and those who supported the Parliament were called 【Roundhead】 because of their short haircuts.
7. In UK, the party which wins the majority seats in Parliament forms the government and its party leader becomes 【PM.】
8. The White House, the official presidential residence, is located in Washington D.C. The President works and lives in this building. The president has enormous power. He can only serve one or two successive terms of 【4 】year each.
9. In our text, the WASP stands for 【White Anglo-Saxons Protestant.】
10. In our text, the GCSE stands for 【General Certificate of Secondary Education.】

III. Give a brief answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. (25%)
1. Give a brief account of the US Presidential powers.
2.What is the main difference between the Grammar schools and the Comprehensive Schools?
3. What is the difference between the Lost Generation and the Beat Generation?
4. What are the Wars of the Roses?
5.What are the differences between the Bill of Rights of 1689 in UK and the Bill of Rights of 1791 in USA?

IV. Explain the following terms. (30%)
1. The New Deal
2.Wakefield Scheme
3. Open University
4. Mark Twain
5. The Industrial Revolution
6. The “Washminster” form polity

V. Answer the following questions (10%)
How do you understand that “British history has been a history of invasion”. Please illustrate this point with the examples from the text. And how did each of the invasion influence the English culture?

③
英语国家概况（1）测试题2
                                                                    2004.5
I. There are 30 questions in this part. Each question is followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the correct answer to each of the questions and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET. (30%)
1. Three of the following are characteristics of London. Which of the four is the exception?
A. London is a political, economic and cultural centre of the country.
B. London has a larger population than all other cities in England.
C. London is not only the largest city in Britain, but also the largest in the world.
D. London has played a significant role in the economic construction of the country.
2. The Tower of London, a historical sight, located in the centre of London, was built by
A. King Harold     B. Robin Hood
C. Oliver Cromwell    D. William the Conqueror
3. Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four nations, but is quite well-known in the world for
A. its famous landmark, the "Giant's Causeway".
B. its rich cultural life.
C. its low living standards.
D. its endless political problems.
4. Faced with conflicting demands the British government chose a compromise and organized a partition of Ireland, because
A. the British government wouldn't be able to control Ireland any longer by force.
B. the British government intended to satisfy both sides---Catholics as well as Protestants.
C. Catholics in Ireland demanded a partition of Ireland.
D. Protestants welcomed the idea of partition.
5. Which of the following is NOT true about the Constitution?
A. It is a document which lists out the basic principles for government.
B. It is the foundation of British governance today.
C. Conventions and Laws passed by Parliament are part of the Constitution.
D. The common laws are part of the Constitution.
6. Which of the following about the Parliament is NOT true?
A. There are no legal restraints upon Parliament.
B. Strictly speaking, the Queen is part of the Parliament.
C. Parliament has the supreme power of passing laws.
D. Parliament has no power to change the terms of the Constitution.
7. Which group of people can NOT vote in the general election?
A. members in the House of Commons
B. Lords in the House of Lords
C. the UK citizens above the age of 18
D. the UK resident citizens of the Irish Republic
8. By whom is a “vote of no confidence” decided?
A. the House of Commons
B. the House of Lords
C. the two major parties
D. the Prime Minister
9. Which government lost a vote of no confidence and was forced to resign in 1979?
A. the Conservative government
B. the Liberal government
C. the Labour government
D. the radical government
10. Which of the following livestock has the biggest number in the UK?
A. beef battle      B. dairy cattle
C. chicken      D. sheep
11.Which company became an important aero-engine manufacturer after WWI?
A. Boeing
B. Rolls Royce
C. McDonnel-Douglas
D. Hawker-Siddeley Aviation
12.British Aerospace was the merger of which two companies?
A. the British Aircraft Corporation and Hawker-Siddeley Aviation
B. the British Aircraft Corporation and Rolls Royce
C. Hawker-Siddeley Aviation and GEC Avionics
D. Hawker-Siddeley Aviation and Rolls Royce
13. Which of the following writers was NOT associated with Modernism ?
A. D.H. Lawrence     B. E-M. Forster
C. Charles Dickens     D. Virginia Woolf
14. Which of the following is generally considered to be the masterpiece by Joseph Conrad ?
A. Sybil       B. The Heart of Darkness
C. Bleak House              D. Wuthering Heights
15.Which of the following was a Postmodernist writer ?
A. George Orwell      B. Robert L. Stevenson
C. Jane Austen      D. Virginia Woolf
16. Which of the following is truly a sport of the royal family?
A. cricket        B. skiing
C. golfing        D. horse racing
17. Which of the following is NOT associated with horse racing?
A. placing bets       B. the Royal Ascot
C. the Grand National        D. the FA Cup
18. Which of the following about hunting is NOT true?
A. It had developed into a recreational activity in medieval England.
B. Only men participated in the hunting.
C. Modern hunters usually chase foxes nowadays.
D. It is strongly objected by animal rights groups.
19. Which of the following is the widely practised custom in Scottish New Year?
A. first-footing     B. kissing under the mistletoe
C. Burns Supper     D. using magic spells to see into future
20. Of which people is Robert Burns a national poet?
A. Welsh people     B. Irish people
C. Scottish people     D. English people
21.Which community observes the traditional Ramadan?
A. Hindu       B. Sikh
C. Jewish       D. Muslim
22. In Britain, the great majority of parents send their children to
A. private schools.    B. independent schools.
C. state schools.      D. public schools.
23. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16
A. can legally receive partly free education.
B. can legally receive completely free education.
C. can not receive free education at all.
D. can not receive free education if their parents are rich.
24. Which of the following is NOT true about the "flats"?
A. They are not considered as the most desirable home."
B. They are often in modem multi-storey buildings.
C. They are often publicly owned.
D. All of them are of low status and are very cheap.
25. Which of the following about the terraced houses is NOT true?
A. They are most common in suburban areas.
B. They are usually two-storey houses joined at each side.
C. They often have a small concrete yard at the back.
D. They were originally built for factory workers.
26. The present British foreign policy is mainly influenced by the following factors except
A. its imperial history.
B. its geopolitical traits.
C. its special relationship with the United States.
D. its schizophrenic attitude to Europe.
27. Which of the following is NOT involved in making the British foreign policy?
A. The Queen of Britain.
B. The Foreign and Commonwealth Office.
C. The Prime Minister and Cabinet.
D. The Ministry of Defense and the Treasury.
28. Nowadays the British foreign policy is largely shaped by its participation in
A. the Commonwealth.
B. the European Economic Community.
C. the United Nations, the European Union, NATO, etc.
D. a European federal government.
29. Which of the following is the world's oldest national newspaper ?
A. The Times.      B. The Guardian.
C. The Observer.      D. The Financial Times.
30. Which of the following is the British oldest daily newspaper ?
A. The Telegraph.     B. The Guardian.
C. The News of the World.      D. The Times.
II. There are altogether 20 blanks in the following sentences. Fill in the blanks and write your answer at the corresponding places on the ANSWER SHEET. (40%)
1. The Island of Great Britain is made up of (1) (2) and (3) .
2. The capital of Britain is (4) , which has great influence on the UK in all fields including (5) , (6) and (7) .
3. If a government loses a (8) in the House of Commons, it has to resign.
4. Communion with the dead, mischief, fortune-telling and masquerades are common practices on (9) .
5. The two oldest universities in Britain are (10) and (11) .
6. According to the author, Britain is a   (12) democracy, so the government’s foreign policy in theory represents the desires of its (13) .
7. The BBC stands for (14) . It’s not only Britain’s main public service (15) , but also serves as (16) station.
8. Australia is one of the most highly (17) countries in the world with only 15 percent of Australian live in rural areas.
9. Australia has   (18) states,   (19) internal territories and (20)   external territories.
III. Explain each of the following 6 out of 10 in no more than five sentences. Write your an?swer at the appropriate place on the ANSWER SHEET. (30%)
1. Robin Hood
2. the Constitution
3. the Canterbury Tales
4. Wimbledon
5. Easter
6. comprehensive schools
7. NATO
8. Australia’s postwar immigration program
9. New South Wales
10. the three-tier system of the Australian government

英语国家概况(1)模拟试题一
ⅠThere are 20 questions in this part. Each question is followed by four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the correct answer to each of the questions and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)
1. Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England?
A the Anglo-Saxons    B the Normans
C the Vikings         D the Romans
2.Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four nations, but is quite well-known in the world for:
A its most famous landmark, the “Giant’s Causeway”
B its rich cultural life
C its low living standards
D its endless political problems
3. Where is the best agricultural land in Britain?
A in the southeast of England   B in the northeast of England
C in the southeast of Scotland D in the northeast of Scotland
4.Which of the following was the most famous Scottish novelist?
A D.H Lawrence    B Robert L. Stevenson
C Charles Dickens   D Walter Scott
5. The first European settlement on the continent Australia began in ___
A 1902        B 1788     C 1770      D 1787
6. Which of the following sports was NOT invented in Britain?
A football        B tennis       C archery       D cricket
7. On which day is Halloween celebrated?
A 5 November     B 31 October
C 17 March       D 25 December
8.Which of the following is NOT true about lie peers?
A They are not from the aristocratic families.
B They cannot sit in the House of Lords.
C They earned their titles through their outstanding achievement.
D The titles cannot be inherited by their children.
9. Which of the following countries does NOT have nuclear weapons capabilities?
A Britain      B Russia
C Italy        D United Sates
10. Which of the following phrases cannot be used to describe the continent of Australia?
A The smallest continent     B the largest island
C the highest continent      D the driest continent
11.Australia’s three most important field crops are ____.
A Cotton, barley, and sugar-cane
B Grain legume, wheat, and sugar-cane
C wheat, barley, and sugar-cane
D wheat, sugar-cane and cotton
12.TAFE is a form of:
A primary education          B secondary education
C post-secondary education    D private education
13.____ is the oldest newspaper in Australia.
A The Sydney Morning Herald         B The Australian
C The Mercury                      D The Australian Financial Review
14.The first settlers of New Zealand were ____.
A voyagers from East Polynesia B European navigators
C sealers and whalers         D Christian missionaries
15. The largest state in terms of area is:
A Queensland       B New South Wales
C Western Australia D Victoria
16. The largest manufacturing sector in Australia is ____.
A The ship-building industry
B The secondary industry
C The tertiary industry
D The food-processing industry
17. The aim of the National Campaign Against Drug Abuse is:
A to ban the use of legal and illegal drugs
B to ban the use of illegal drugs
C to ban the use of illegal drugs among young people
D to reduce the harm caused by the misuse of legal and illegal drugs
18. Which of the following organizations Australia is NOT a member of?
A The European Community
B The United Nations
C The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
D The Australia New Zealand Closer Economic Relations trade agreement
19. In its imperial prime, Britain ruled:
A a fourth of the globe B a fifth of the world
C a third of the world   D two-thirds of the earth
20. Which of the following is NOT one of the major exports of New Zealand?
A Dairy products   B Fish
C Wool             D Oil

ⅡThere are altogether 15 blanks in the following sentences. Fill in the blanks and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)
* Strictly speaking, the parliament today consists of 21____, the House of Lords and 22____.
* In 1689, Parliament passed The Bill of Rights to ensure that the king would never be able to ignore 23 ____.
* Shakespeare’s plays fall into three categories. They are 24 _____, 25 _____ and historical plays.
* The early decades saw the great poets of the Romantic movement, such as 26____, Shelley and 27 _______.
* The capital of Scotland is Edinburgh, which is well-known for its natural 28 ____.
* Pupils from the age of (29) ____ to 11 mainly attend state-run primary schools.
* (30 ) ____ is regarded as one of the quality papers in Britain.

ⅢDecide whether the following statements are True (T) or False( F) and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)
31.What is the capital city of Northern Ireland?
32.Who is the author of Rob Roy ?
33.Where is the international tennis championships held?
34.What does MSc stands for?
35 John Le Carre wrote “ Smiley’s People”.
36 GCSE stand for General Certificate of Secondary Education.
37. Diplomatic relations between Australia and China established in the1970s.
38 Most advertising in Britain is carried in newspapers.
39. Australia have five states.
40 BHP is The Broken Hill Proprietary Company Limited, which is the biggest and most important iron and steel products producer in Australia.

ⅣExplain each of the following 6 out of 8 in no more than five sentences. Write your answer at the appropriate place on the ANSWER SHEET.(30 points)
41 The Vikings
42 The House of Commons
43 Australia’s nuclear policies
44 Concorde
45 Horse racing
46 The Open Polytechnic
47 the House of Commons
48 Henry Lawson

英语国家概况(1)模拟试题二
ⅠThere are 20 questions in this part. Each question is followed by four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the correct answer to each of the questions and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)
1. Where do the majority of people in Scotland live?
A in the Highlands   B in the Lowlands
C in the Uplands     D in the west of Scotland
2.Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four nations, but is quite well-known in the world for:
A its most famous landmark, the “Giant’s Causeway”
B its rich cultural life
C its low living standards
D its endless political problems
3. Where is the best agricultural land in Britain?
A in the southeast of England   B in the northeast of England
C in the southeast of Scotland D in the northeast of Scotland
4.Which of the following was the most famous Scottish novelist?
A D.H Lawrence    B Robert L. Stevenson
C Charles Dickens   D Walter Scott
5. Which of the following did NOT belong to Romanticism?
A Keats         B Shelley     C Wordsworth       D E.M. Foster
6. Which of the following sports was NOT invented in Britain?
A football        B tennis       C archery       D cricket
7.Which of the following has nothing to do with Easter?
A rabbits    B eggs      C chicks        D haggis
8.Which of the following is NOT true about lie peers?
A They are not from the aristocratic families.
B They cannot sit in the House of Lords.
C They earned their titles through their outstanding achievement.
D The titles cannot be inherited by their children.
9. Which of the following is NOT one of the major imports of New Zealand?
A Fruit B Machinery C Vehicles D Mineral fuels
10. Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four nations, but is quite well-known in the world for ____.
A its most famous landmark, the “Giant’s Causeway”
B its rich cultural life
C its low living standard
D its endless political problem
11 The Commonwealth of Australia, a federation of the six former colonies as states, came into being on:
A Jan.18, 1788    B Jan.26, 1788
C Jan. 1,1901     D April 25,1914
12 Which country/area is Australia’s largest export market for beef and veal?
A Singapore               B The United Sates
C The Republic of Korea   D The Middle East
13 Schooling in Australia between the ages of 6 and 15 is:
A free                    B expensive
C compulsory              D optional
14 The Maori word “Marae” means ____.
A Maori culture         B non- Maori or European
C protocol              D meeting house
15 The largest state in terms of population is:
A Queensland            B New South Wales
C Western Australia     D Victoria
16 Which of the following is the British oldest daily newspaper?
A The Guardian   B The Times
C The Telegraph   D The News of the World
17 Australia also has external territories in:
A the Arctic Ocean and the Indian Ocean
B the Indian Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean
C the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean
D the Indian Ocean and the Antarctic
18 The sole parent pension is available to:
A all single parents
B single people caring for children under 16 or recipients of the child disability allowance
C single parents divorced with children under 16.
D divorced or widowed old women
19 The Head of State of New Zealand is ____.
A the Prime Minister    B the Governor-General
C the British monarch   D the Ombudsman
20 Which of the following is NOT one of the major imports of New Zealand?
A Fruit                 B Machinery
C Vehicles              D Minerals fuels

ⅡThere are altogether 10 blanks in the following sentences. Fill in the blanks and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)
＊Since the early 1960s, (21) ____ has grown to be Australia’s largest trading partner.
＊Australia’s three most important field crops are (22) ______, (23)_____ and (24)______.
???＊(25) ____ was the first country in the world to give women the right to vote.＊Schooling in Australia between the ages of (26)____ and 15 is (27)_____.
＊The media are also affected by (28)_____, a legal act which demands that all government information is kept (29)____ unless the government agrees.
＊On (30)___ each year, Protestant “Orangemen” march through the streets, celebrating their victory over the Catholics.

Ⅲ Answer the following questions and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)
31.Who built the Tower of London?
32.Who is the author of the Heart of Darkness?
33 What are the official languages in Australia?
34 When were the first immigrants transported from Britain to Australia?
35.Where were the first immigrants transported from to Australia?
36 On which day is Halloween celebrated?
37 What is the largest popular festival of music making and poetry writing now in Europe?
38. What is BHP?
39.Who were the first inhabitants of Australia?
40. Where the first settlers of New Zealand from?

Ⅳ Explain each of the following 6 out of 8 in no more than five sentences. Write your answer at the appropriate place on the ANSWER SHEET.(30 points)
41.King Harold
42 The Labor Party
43 The Bronte sisters
44 Life peers
45 Horse racing
46 Halloween
47 the Aboriginal people
48 Grammar schools

英语国家概况(1)模拟试题三
ⅠThere are 20 questions in this part. Each question is followed by four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the correct answer to each of the questions and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)
1 Where do the majority of people in Scotland live?
A in the Highlands   B in the Lowlands
C in the Uplands     D in the west of Scotland
2 By whom is a “vote of no confidence” decided?
A the House of Commons   B the House of Lords
C the two major parties     D the Prime Minister
3 How many countries do you know there are in Northern Ireland?
A 26     B 6      C 32        D 20
4 Which of the following is a tragedy written by Shakespeare?
A Dr. Faustus    B Frankenstein
C Hamlet       D Sense and Sensibility
5 Which of the following was NOT an activity in Shakespeare’s time?
A playing football     B having a drink at the pub
C working the land    D attending the Grand National
6 The first European settlement on the continent began in
A 1901 B 1788   C 1770   D 1787
7 Which of the following is NOT true about the “flats”?
A They are not considered as the most desirable home.
B They are usually two-storey buildings.
C They are often publicly owned.
D All of them are of low status and are very cheap.
8 Which countries are the permanent members of the UN Security Council?
A France, China, Germany, Russia and Britain
B the United States, France, Britain, Germany and Russia
C China, Russia, France, Britain and the United States
D China, Britain, France, United States and Japan
9 In Britain most advertising is carried _____.
A in newspapers   B in magazines
C on television    D on radio
10 Which of the following phrases cannot be used to describe the continent of Australia?
A The smallest continent     B the largest island
C the highest continent      D the driest continent
11 On which day is Halloween celebrated?
A 5 November     B 31 October
C 17 March       D 25 December
12 Which of the following is one of the major exports of New Zealand?
A Dairy products   B sheep
C cotton          D Oil
13 Which of the following phrases cannot be used to describe the continent of Australia?
A the smallest continent B the largest island
C the highest continent D the driest continent
14 Which of the following organizations Australia is NOT a member of?
A The European Community
B The United Nations
C The General Agreements on Tariffs and Trade
D The Australia New Zealand Closer Economic Relations trade agreement
15 Pupils who cannot go to school due to illness, disability and residential isolation
A have to be taught by their parents
B have to teach themselves
C cannot receive any form of education
D can receive education by taking correspondence courses
16 The aim of the National Campaign Against Drug Abuse is
A to ban the use of legal and illegal drugs
B to ban the use of illegal drugs
C to ban the use of illegal drugs among young people
D to reduce the harm caused by the misuse of legal drugs and illegal drugs
17 Which of the following countries does NOT have nuclear weapons capabilities?
A Britain      B Russia
C Italy        D United Sates
18 Which of the following factors does NOT contribute to New Zealand’s environmental achievement?
A Favorable geographic features
B Low population
C A late development of industry
D The ozone hole over Antarctica
19 New Zealand’s three largest ethnic groups in terms of population are _____.
A New Zealanders with European ancestry, Chinese and Maori
B Maori, Indian and people from the Pacific Islands
C New Zealanders with European ancestry, Maori and people from the Pacific Islands
D people from the Pacific Islands, Maori and Chinese
20 Which of the following is NOT one of the major imports of New Zealand?
A Dairy products   B Fish   C Wool    D Oil

ⅡThere are altogether 10 blanks in the following sentences. Fill in the blanks and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)
The game of golf was invented by the 21 ____ and there is one ancient and famous golf course at 22 ____.
There are three major parties in the UK: 23 _______, 24 _______ and the Liberal Democrats.
Shakespeare’s plays fall into three categories. They are 25 _____, 26 _____ and historical plays.

27 ____ was the first country in the world to give women the right to vote.
Pupils from the age of 28 ____ to 11 mainly attend state-run 29 ___ schools.
30 ____ is regarded as one of the quality papers in Britain.

ⅢThere are 10 questions. Answer each of the questions in one full sentence and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)
31 The Scottish people all over the world celebrate their most beloved national poet by holding a Burns Supper on the evening of his death.
32 Beowulf is one of the oldest of the early “Old English” literary works.
33 MSc stands for Master of Science.
34 the international tennis championships held in Wimbledon
35.What does GCSE stand for?
36 How much did Britain rule the world in its imperial prime?
37. What is one of the oldest of the early “Old English” literary works?
38. Where is most advertising in Britain carried ?
39. How many states does Australia have?
40.Where were the first immigrants transported from to Australia?

ⅣExplain each of the following 6 out of 8 in no more than five sentences. Write your answer at the appropriate place on the ANSWER SHEET.(30 points)
41.King Arthur
42 Captain James Cook
43 Captain Arthur Phillip
44 Open University
45 The Canterbury Tales
46 The Open Polytechnic
47 Virginia Woolf
48 Henry Lawson

2010—2011第一学期汉语言文学知识理论考试

班级：姓名：学号：

一、填空题（10）
1.现代汉语的口语共同语是（          ），书面语是（          ）。
2.汉语普通话的声调分别是阴平、（           ）、上声、（         ）。
3.汉语普通话的每个音节由哪三部分组成：声调、（            ）、（            ）。
4.世界上的文字可以分为两大类表意文字和（            ），汉语属于（           ）。
5. 一个词按意义的多少来分，可分为（            ）和（          ）。

二、名词解释（20）
1.现代汉语共同语：

2.辅音：

3.甲骨文：

4.成语：

三、简析题（20）
1.汉语的口语共同语的各个历史时期发展情况。

2.记叙文与论说文的区别。

四、综合题（10）
1.写出各局中“打”字的意义。
a.孩子们都在那打架。（             ）
b.渔夫们以打渔为生。（             ）
c.姑姑教我打毛衣。（              ）
d.我去商店打酱油。（              ）
e.我给妈妈打电话。（              ）

2.写出下面句子成分搭配的错误，并写出正确的句
子。
他参加这一届运动会之后，正式退出了运动员
生涯。