2018北京市中考英语真题及答案

2018 北京市中考英语真题及答案 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号 本试卷共 10 页，共五道大题，39 道小题，满分 60 分。考试时间 90 分钟。 在试卷和草稿纸上准确填写姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号。 生 3. 试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 须 4. 在答题卡上，选择题用 2B 铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。 知 5. 考试结束，将本试卷、答题卡卡和草稿纸一并交回。 知识运用（共 14 分） 一、单项填空（共 6 分，每小题 0.5 分） 从下面各题所给的 A、B、C、D 个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.My brother and I like football. play it together once a week. A. I B. They C. We D. You 2.Happy birthday, Peter! Here’ s a gift you. A. for B. in C. with D. from 3. ---do you usually go to school, Mary? - - - -By bike. A. When B. How C. Where D. Why 4.Many people like pandas they are cute. A. though B. if C. while D.because 5. I go now, or Ill miss my train. A. can B. might C. must D. could 6.Tony is of the three boys, but he is the tallest. A. young B. younger C. youngest D. the youngest 7.Bill likes reading. He picture books with his dad every evening. A. read B. reads C. is reading D. has read 8.----Paul, what were you doing at nine Last night? -----I a movie in the cinema with my friends. A. was watching B. watch C. have watched D. will watch 9. David a tennis player, He_to play tennis when he was six years old. A. begins B.will begin C. began D. has begun 10. ------Lucy, is your uncle a teacher? ------Yes, he is. He______ history for nearly 20 years. A. teaches B. has taught C. is teaching D. will teach 11. A new international airport______ in the city next year. A. completes B. is completed C. will complete D. will be completed 12. -------Alice, could you tell me London? -------Sure. Last Sunday A. when Mr. Smith left B. when Mr. Smith will leave C. when did Mr. Smith leave D. when will Mr. Smith leave 二、完形填空（共 8 分，每小题 1 分） 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选 择最佳选项。 考 1. 2. Real Solutions (解决方法）to Problems Thirty engineers were working as a team in a company. They were young and eager to learn. The management decided to teach them about finding real solutions to problems One day, the team was called for a 13 in a hall. They were quite surprised and all reached the hall holding various 14 . As they entered, they found a box placed in the center, full of flat balloons The manager asked everyone to pick a balloon and blow it up. Then they were asked to write their names on their respective(各自的）balloons 15 so that the balloons wouldnt blow out. All tried, but not everyone was 16 Five balloons blew out due to pressure(压力). . Those who failed to mark their names on the balloons were 17 out of the game. As a result, 25 engineers came to the next level. All the balloons carrying their names were 18 and then put into a room, here and there. The engineers were told to pick the balloon with his or her name on,All the 25 engineers began to search for the respective balloons in a rush. It was almost 15 minutes but no one was able to 19 the right one. The second level of the game was over. Then came the final level, the engineers were asked to pick any balloon and give it to person named on the balloon. Within a couple of minutes, all balloons 20 the hands of the respective engineers. The manager announced this was the real solution to the problem. Many times in our life, sharing and helping others give us real solutions to problems. 13. A. game 14. A. purposes B. show B. suggestions C. concert C. thoughts D. patry D. plans 15..A. quietly B. carefully C. secretly D. clearly 16. A. bonest 17. A. checked 18. A. collected B. ready B. helped B. weighed C. patient C. ruled C. tied D. succeesful D. cleaned D. cleaned 19. A. mark B. hide C. number D. find 20. A. freed B. reached C. lifted D. hit 阅读理解（共 36 分） 三、阅读下列短文.根据短文内容，从文后各所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选 项。（共 26 分，每小题 2 分） A Roger: Hi, there ! It was my 15th birthday last Saturday. Some of my friends and Alan, my cousin, came to celebrate it. Everyone brought me a gift, we played games, sang songs and had a big birthday cake. It was really a wonderful day! Did you do anything special last week? Jessica: Yes, My class were on a school field trip last week. First, We went to the University of North Carolina to learn about the history of its basketball team. Many basketball stars were students there. Then we visited a museum. We learned about how the plane was invented and took many pictures there. Sara: Well, I was lucky enough to go to a conference ( 会 议 ） on charity ( 慈 善）last Wednesday. I was excited to meet a lot of kind people there. One of them was a boy named Richard. He spoke at the conference about the charity work that he had done in the past few years. Martin: It was a different week than usual, Last Thursday, my school band(乐 队 ） went to Atlanta to perform in a competition. I played the violin and we won a prize! On Friday we went to the Georgia Aquarium and got to see different kinds of sea life from over the world. It was really cool! 21. When did Roger have his birthday party? A. Last Wednesday B. last thursday C. Last Friday D. Last Saturday. 22. Who went on a school field trip last week? A. Alan. B. Jessica C. Sara D. Richard. 23. Martin went to Atlanta . A. speak at a conference B. organize a party C. perform in a competition D. visit a university B A Beautiful Moment When I was in high school. I worked part-time helping Dad sell fruits and vegetables at a matket. One day, as I was preparing the fruits. A little boy came by with his mom and sister. He was about eight years old, and the girl, five or six. They were looking the fruits in front of me. I heard the kids say to their mom(in French)，"Theyre good!" I knew it was French. Because I can speak and understand it. Then I noticed how mom was picking the fruits. At first I thought she was really looking at the fruits because she was facing them. But then I noticed how much she had to feel and smell each one as she picked them out. And often asked her son if it looked okay, but looked way above where his face was. Putting what I saw together, I was sure she was blind. Both of the kids continued to help their mom pick out the fruits . The son made sure the fruits were not obviously bad, and the daughter handed them to her mom. The woman then felt each one and smiled, and the daughter would put them into their basket . The kids were smiling while helping their mom pick the fruits out. Their smile and gentle manner moved me in a way that never happened before . It was so beautiful to see such young kids so willingly help. Most kids that age would be picking out candies or toys in a store for themselves, instead of helping their mom pick out fruits as the two kids did. It was great to witness the moment, but not so great because I didnt tell the mom how beautiful her children were in their language .this is what I regret to this day. 24. The women and her kids came to the market to buy . A. fruits B. vegetables C. candies D. toys 25.According to what he saw, the writer was sure the mother couldn t . A. speak B. see C. smell D. hear 26. The writer was moved because . A. the mother was brave to face her problems. B. the kids were polite and kind to each other C. the mother was careful in picking out things D. the kids were so willing to help their mother C Some primary schoolchildren have been raised in homes with more green space around. They are likely to come with larger volumes of white and grey matterin certain areas of the brain. These differences are associated( 关 联 )with beneficial effects on cognitive function ( 认 知 功 能 ） .This is the main conclusion of a study led by the Barcelona Institute for Global Health. The study was performed among 253 schoolchildren in Spain . Lifelong exposure( 接 触 ） to green space in the living places was recorded—using the information on the childrens addresses from birth up through to the time of the study. Brain structure was studied using 3D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Working memory and inattentiveness ( 注意力不集中）were graded with computers. “This is the first study that shows the association between long-term exposure to green space and brain structure.” Says Dr. Payam Dadvand ，the leading researcher of the study, “Our findings suggest that exposure to green space early in life could result in beneficial structural changes in the brain.” The findings show that long-term exposure to greenness is positively associated with white and grey matter volumes in several parts of the brain. Some of them are related to higher scores on cognitive tests. Moreover, larger volumes of white and grey matter in those parts might lead to better working memory and less inattentiveness. Exposure to nature has been thought to be necessary for brain development in children. Another study of 2，593 children shows that children in school with more green space have a greater increase in working memory and a greater decrease in inattentiveness. Humans are believed to be tied to nature. Playing in greener areas offers children opportunities to search and learn. Accordingly, green space is thought to prompt important exercises in discovery, creativity and risk taking. These exercises in turn positively influence brain development. Dr. Dadvand’s study suggests how such structural changes could bring about the beneficial effects of green spaces on cognitive development, it also adds to the proof that suggests the lasting effects of early life exposure to greenness on our health and the benefits of increasing greenness in cities. Further studies are needed to prove the findings in other populations, settings and climates. And researchers need to examine differences according to the nature and quality of green space. 27. The second paragraph is mainly about . A. how the study was performed B. what was recorded in the study C. how long the study lasted D. who took part in the study 28.The word“prompt”in paragraph 6 probably means“ ”. A. control B. encourage C. balance D. change 29. What can we learn from the passage? A.Working memory influences white and grey matter in the brain. B.Dr. Dadvand stressed the importance of changing the environment. C.Studies proved the influence of greenness on populations outs of Spain. D.Living in greener neighborhoods benefits children in brain development. D We often reach a point in our life when we should be ready for change that will help us unlock our self-improvement power. However, there’s always something staring at us right under our nose but we don’t see it. The only time we think of unlocking our self-improvement power is when everything gets worst. When do we realize that we need to change diets? When none of our shirts and jeans would fit us. When do we stop eating candies and chocolates? When all of our teeth have fallen off. When do we realize that we need to stop smoking? When our lungs have gone bad. We see the warning signs and signals when things get rough and difficult. The only time most of us ever learn about unlocking our self-improvement power is when the whole world is falling apart. We think and feel this way because it is not easy to change, but change becomes more painful when we ignore(忽视）it， Change will happen, like it or hate it. At one point or another, we are all going to finally unlock our self-improvement power not because the world says so. But because we realize it’s for our own good. Happy people don’t just accept change; they embrace (拥抱）it. Unlocking our self-improvement power means unlocking ourselves out of the box of thought that is just the way we are. It is such a poor excuse for people who fear change. Jane always tells everyone that she doesn’t have the courage to be