2019年翻译资格考试中级笔译练习题：中国的传统道德

　　在中国，离开了孔子和《论语》，“哲学的突破”这一命题就无从谈起。我们说，中国哲学是伦理型的，哲学体系的核心是伦理道德学说。如果说西方各种文化形态重在求真，中国的各种文化形态便是求善。旧时代从硕学鸿儒到武术教师，第一课便是如何做人，如何讲“德”。 他们让学生背诵的座右铭或警句，多出自《论语》。

　　中国的传统道德资源，经过几十年被弃若敝屣之后，在某些通都大邑简直成了稀罕物，讲求道德者往往被看作是“另类”，以致有人惊呼当今是一个物欲横流、臭铜熏陶的世界。但在若干“民智未开”的穷乡僻壤，我们古代典籍中蕴含的道德观念却依然留存。村夫农妇，或许他们一字不识(目不识丁)，其语言行为在却处处体现着“仁、义、礼、智、信、忠、孝、温、良、恭、俭、让”等为人处世之道，并以此言传身教，他们的下一代因耳濡目染而潜移默化。

　　参考译文

　　In China, the proposition of Philosophical Breakthrough is out of question if there is no Confucius or the Analects of Confucius. We say Chinese philosophy is ethical, and the core of its philosophy system is the theory of morality. Western cultures lay emphasis on pursuing trueness, while Chinese on seeking goodness. In old time, either to an eminent scholar, or to a Martial arts teacher, the first lesson was to be a human, and morality. Students were asked to memorize mottos or aphorisms, mostly from the Analects of Confucius.

　　China's traditional moral resources, after decades of being heaped indignity, have even become a scarce in some metropolis. In this world, where ethics people are often seen as "alternative", some people exclaim that today is a world of materialistic and smelly copper. But in a number of "uncivilized" remote lands, the morals of our ancient books still exist. Farmers and farmwomen, though may be illiterate, use languages and behaviors that embodied in the living philosophy of "benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom, faith, loyalty, filial piety, warmth, goodness, good faith, frugality, and humility". Moreover, they teach their children with precepts and examples, which influence on their next generations.