2019年商务英语高级阅读试题（19）

　　According to recent research, the better educated and thehigher up the socio¬economic scale you are, the more likelyyou are to be offered workplace training. And, incidentally, themore likely you are to then turn (19) the offer, pleading familyand personal commitments or (20) of work. Less qualified staff,on the other hand, are offered fewer training opportunities, butare more eager to (21) them up. In fact, people with few or no educational qualifications are threetimes more likely to accept training when it is offered.

　　In the majority of companies, more (22) are allocated to management training than to otherareas. Employers (23) their better qualified staff as more important to the business, so they paythem accordingly and invest more in them in (24) of training. This is (25) by the fact thatorganisations are dependent on properly (26) managers making the right decisions. But this (27)may mean that companies are (28) other parts of the workforce down.

　　The researchers found a growing demand for training among the lower-skilled.Unfortunatelythis demand is not being (29) by employers, even though there are strong indications thatcompanies would benefit from doing so. They also discovered that, despite the substantial (30)between the training provided for managers and that offered to other staff, there was stillwidespread endorsement of training.

　　For the purposes of the research, training was defined as any (31) of planned instruction ortuition provided by an employer with the aim of helping employees do their work better. Ittherefore included a wide variety of approaches. On-the-job and classroom training (32)to be usedequally by employers. But learning on the job, which involved observing a certain procedure andthen practising it, was easily the most popular method for all categories of employee. While manyfelt that learning from colleagues was best,very few (33) the internet as an effective way to train.

　　19.A back B over C down D off

　　20.A force B pressure C strain D load

　　21.A pick B keep C take D put

　　22.A means B reserves C finances D resources

　　23.A imagine B regard C suppose D know

　　24.A requirements B specifications C states D terms

　　25.A allowed B approved C justified D accepted

　　26.A understanding B intelligent C informed D knowledgeable

　　27.A stress B emphasis C weight D strength

　　28.A letting B cutting C breaking D setting

　　29.A reached B achieved C gained D met

　　30.A space B gap C hole D room

　　31.A frame B structure C form D order

　　32.A showed B appeared C demonstrated D presented

　　33.A rated B thought C marked D believed

　　参考答案及解析

　　谁从公司培训中获益最多?

　　第一段的三个空需要在理解整体的基础上联系起来进行选择。根据调查，受教育程度越高，越有可能接受公司的培训。And, incidentally，这里最好能理解下incidentally的意思：used to introduce a new topic, or some extra information, or a question that you have just thought of (引出新话题、附加信息、或临时想到的问题)顺便提一句。你越接受培训，越有可能拒绝这份工作，苦苦哀求的家人、个人承诺以及工作压力。相反倒是接受培训较少的员工，可能会接受他们(指前面被拒绝的这些东西)。19题选turn down拒绝，21题与turn down对应，选take up接收。

　　22题，更多资源被分配给了管理层培训而不是其他地方。training也是一种资源。

　　23题，regard….as固定搭配。雇主认为他们具有更好知识的员工更为重要。

　　24题，in terms of固定短语，就….而论，在…..方面。

　　25题，根据上下文意思来选择。前面说花在管理层的培训更多，这一句实际上是介绍原因：组织有赖于消息灵通的经理们做出正确的决定。25题，justify证明….正确。组织依赖于经理们所作的正确决定的事实证明了把更多的培训花在他们身上是正确的。

　　26，informed，见多识广的，消息灵通的。商务英语中常见的一个常见说法是keep informed(It is a good way to keep staff informed)，所以看到这个词应该就很敏感。

　　27题，emphasis强调(Emphasis is special or extra importance that is given to an activity or to a part or aspect of something.)，指培训的侧重点在经理们的身上。

　　28题，let down使失望，这种侧重让其他员工失望。

　　29题，meet the demand满足需要。虽然对低技术职员的培训需求在增长，但经理们并没有满足这样的需要。

　　30题，两者之间的巨大缺口，gap。

　　31题，any form of 任何形式的计划好的说明。

　　32题，后面的一句有个BUT，也就是转折，所以前面用appeared to be，看起来像是。

　　33题，rate as固定用法，把某事物评价为