2018年成人学位英语考试英汉互译练习试题（一）

 1.中国父母往往过于关注孩子的学习，以至于不要他们帮忙做家务。他们对孩子的要求就是努力学习，考得好，能上大学。他们相信这是为孩子好，因为在中国这样竞争激烈的社会里，只有成绩好才能保证前途光明。中国父母还认为，如果孩子能在社会上取得大的成就，父母就会受到尊敬。因此，他们愿意牺牲自己的时间、爱好和兴趣，为孩子创造更好的条件。 答案：Chinese parents tend to pay so much attention to their children's academic performance that they even don’t involve their children in the housework. Their only requirement of their kids is to study hard, perform well in exams so that their kids can be admitted to prestigious universities. They are convinced that this is to the benefit of their children, because only good academic performance can guarantee a promising future for their kids in the intense competition typical of China. They also believe that they will be respected if their children make great achievements in society. Therefore, they are willing to provide their children with a better condition at the expense of their time，hobbies and interests. 2.The United States Green Building Council, a nonprofit industry group that encourages the creation of environmentally conscious buildings, will introduce a bird-safety credit this fall as part of its environmental certification process. 答案：美国绿色建筑协会是一家非盈利工业组织，鼓励建造注重环境的建筑物，并将于今秋引入鸟类安全标准作为其环境认证过程的一部分。 3.If we do physical exercises or go for a walk in foggy weather, we'll breathe in more harmful substances with the amount of exercise increased and our breath deepened and quickened. This may lead to such diseases as tracheitis, pharyngolaryngitis and conjunctivitis, or make them worse. 答案：人们如果在雾中锻炼或散步，随着活动量的增加，呼吸加深、加快，就会更多地吸入雾中的有害物质，极易诱发或加重气管炎、咽喉炎、结膜炎等诸多病症。 4.It is determined through tests that the harmful substances in a fog droplet, such as acid, sodium, salt, amine, phenol, dusts and pathogen microbes, are dozens of times more than that in a normal atmospheric water drop. 答案：据测定，雾滴中各种酸、碱、盐、酚、尘埃、病原微生物等有害物质的比例，比通常的大气水滴高出几十倍。 5.Personally, I am also a fritterer. I don't play mahjong. I seldom go to the theatre or cinema—I go there maybe only once every few years. I seldom spend long hours watching TV—usually I watch TV for no more than 30 minutes at a sitting. Nor do I go visiting and gossiping from door to door. 答案：我自己就是浪费了很多时间的一个人。我不打麻将，我不经常的听戏看电*影，几年中难得一次，我不长时间看电视，通常只看半个小时，我也不串门子闲聊天。　　 1.Nevertheless, few people treasure their time as much as their life. Time must not be wasted if you want to do your bit in your remaining years or acquire some useful knowledge to improve yourself and help others, so that your life may turn out to be significant and fruitful. 答案：没有人不爱 惜他的生命，但很少人珍视他的时间。如果想在有生之年做一点什么事，学一点什么 学问，充实自己，帮助别人，使生命成为有意义，不虚此生，那么就不可浪费光阴。 2.One of the oldest, and let's face it, most bizarre sports from Briain is golf. Originating from Scotland in the 15th century, the game involves whacking a small white ball around a large field and trying to make it land in a series of eighteen tiny holes in the ground. At first, the game was only fully understood by middle-aged men, who spend considerable time at the nineteenth hole — the clubhouse bar. 答案：高尔夫是一项历史悠久的运动，也是起源于英国的一项极为奇特的运动。15世纪，高尔夫开始出现在苏格兰。这项运动要求在一片宽阔的草地上，用球杆将一个白色的小球打进18个小洞。最初，喜欢高尔夫的一般都是中年男性，他们打球的目的更 多是在俱乐部的第19个洞——酒吧里消磨时间。 3.Although signs of dishonesty in school, business and government seem much more numerous in years than in the past, could it be that we are getting better at revealing such dishonesty? 答案：尽管在学校，企业和政府中不诚实的欺诈行为近年来比以往都要多，大那也许是因为我们在这些方面加大了揭露的力度。 4.Mathematicians who have tried to use the computers to copy the way the brain works have found that even using the latest electronic equipment they would have to build a computer which weighed over 10,000 kilos. 答案：使用计算机来拷贝大脑工作方式的数学家们发现即使使用最先进的电子设备，他们也要建造一台超过10，000公斤的计算机。 5.A spirited discussion springs up between a young girl who says that women have outgrown the jumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-a mouse era and a major who says that they haven't. 答案：一场激烈的争论在一个女孩和一位少校中展开了，前者说女人们已经不再看到老鼠就从椅子上跳起来了，而后者说她们依然那样。 1.What makes a home? Love, sympathy and confidence. It is a place where kindly affections exist among all the members of the family. The parents take good care of their children, and the children are interested in the activities of their parents. Thus all of them are bound together by affection, and they find their home to be the cheeriest place in the world. A home without love is no more a home than a body without a soul is aman. Every civilized person is a social being. No one should live alone. A man may lead a successful and prosperous life, but prosperity alone can by no means insure happiness. Many great personages in the world history had deep affections for their homes. Your home may be poor and humble, but your duty lies there. You should try to make it cheerful and comfortable. The greater the difficulties are, the richer your reward will be. 答案：何以为家?家就是爱、支持和信任。家，是其成员之间温馨情感共存之处，父母给孩子以呵护，孩子也关注父母的行为。父母和孩子因爱而紧密相连，家成为世上最令人愉悦的地方。 没有爱的家庭，如同没有灵魂的躯体，也就不能称其为“家”。作为社会的一员，没人能独自生存。一个人可能过着成功而富足的生活，但锦衣玉食并不一定就幸福。世界历的许多伟人都对家有着深深的眷恋。 也许你的家贫穷而简陋，但这正是你的职责所在。你应该努力使你的家更温馨舒适，面临的困难愈大，你的收获愈多。 2.There are things that parents can do at home to encourage children' s creativity. They can involve children in decision-making if the problem is appropriate, and ask children for suggestions. Parents should also encourage their children to talk out loud about things they are doing, for talking out loud improves language skills and thinking skills. It is also very important to give children choices. From the earliest age, children should be allowed to make decisions and understand their consequences. Even if it' s choosing between two food items for lunch, decision-making helps thinking skills. 答案：在家里，家长可以做一些鼓励孩子发挥创造力的事情。如果遇到合适的问题，家长可以就该问题征求孩子的意见，让他们参与决策。家长还应鼓励孩子大声谈论他们正在做的事情，大声地谈论有助于提高语言能力和思维能力。给孩子一些选择的余地也很重要。应该允许孩子自己做决定并清楚其后果，要让孩子从尽可能早的年龄开始这样做。做决定有助于培养思维能力，即便只是在午餐的两种食物的选择上做决定也行。 3.What is your favourite colour? Do you like yellow, orange, red? If you do, you must be an optimist, a leader,an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement. Do you prefer greys and blues? Then you are probablyquiet, shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be a pessimist. At least, this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know, because they have been seriously studying the meaning of colour preference, as well as the effect that colours have on human beings. They tell us, among other facts, that we do not choose our favourite colour as we grow up--we are born with our preference. If you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly. 答案：你最喜欢什么色彩?你喜欢黄*色、橙色和红色吗?倘若如此，你准是一个乐观的人，一个，一个享受人生、乐于交往、容易激动、积动向上的人。你偏爱灰、蓝系列色彩吗?那么，你很可能缄默、羞怯，你宁愿被别人领导而不愿领导别人。你有悲观者的倾向。至少，这是心理学家告诉我们的——心理学家应该是这方面的专家，因为他们一直在认认真真地研究色彩偏爱的意义以及各种色彩对人的不同影响。他们告诉我们许多东西，其中之一是我们并不是在成长过程中挑选自己偏爱的色彩——我们的这种偏爱与生俱来。假设你碰巧喜欢褐色，当你一睁开眼看到这个世界，或至少当你看清这个世界的时候，你就喜欢上褐色了。 4.I think a teacher should have the kind of mind which always wants to go on learning. Teaching is a job at which one will never be perfect; there is always something more to learn about it. There are three main subjects of study:the subject or subjects which the teacher is teaching; the methods by which they can best be taught to the pupils in the classes he is teaching; --by far the most important--the children, young people or adults to whom they are to be taught. The two main principles of British education today are that education is education of the whole person, and that it is best acquired through full and active cooperation between two persons, the teacher and the learner. 答案：我认为一名教师应该具有不断好学上进的精神。教学工作是一项永远不会完美无缺的工作，总是有更多的东西需要学习。有三个主要课题值得研究：教师所任教的一门或几门课程;最有效地把课程内容传授给学生的教学方法;教学的对象：儿童、青年或成年人，这也是最重要的。当今英国教育有两个主要原则，其一是教育是对受教育者的全面素质教育;其二是教育通过教师和学生二者之间充分而积极的合作才能得以圆*满实现。