What is the most important clinical feature of nephritic syndrome

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• 1The typical pathological change in primary nephritic syndrome is

  A.Membranous nephropathy

  B.Endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis

  C.Focus segmental glomerulosclerosis

  D.Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis

  E.Minimal change

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• 2The basic change of pathophysiology in nephrotic syndrome is

  A.proteinuria

  B.hypoalbuminemia

  C.hyperlipidemia

  D.edema

  E.hematuria

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• 3使用环磷酰胺治疗肾病，出现何种副作用应停药

  A.白细胞减少至4×109/L

  B.胃肠道反应明显

  C.脱发

  D.出血性膀胱炎

  E.白细胞减少至5×109/L

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• 4肾病综合征时，下列哪项不具有肾穿刺活检指征

  A.激素治疗敏感，停药复发

  B.1年内复发3次

  C.激素治疗无反应

  D.激素依赖

  E.肾炎性肾病

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• 5肾病综合征出现低钙惊厥，最常见的原因是

  A.尿中常有白蛋白结合的钙排出

  B.肠道钙吸收不良

  C.进食少

  D.使用利尿剂

  E.钙质沉着于骨

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• 6Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by

  A.nephrotic range proteinuria

  B.hypoalbuminemia

  C.hyperlipidemia

  D.dema

  E.all of above

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• 7The common complication of nephrotic syndrome in the pediatric age group is

  A.primary peritonitis

  B.hyponatremia

  C.hypocalcemia

  D.renal venous thrombosis

  E.all of above

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• 8The most common complication in primary nephritic syndrome is

  A.electrolyte disturbances

  B.infection

  C.hypercoagulabale state

  D.renal tubular dysfunction

  E.acute renal failure

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• 9Which one is correct for diagnosing steroid-resistance nephrotic syndrome

  A.urinary protein is range from(+++)to(++++)after1〜2weeks of steroid therapy

  B.urinary protein is range from(+++)to(++++)after2〜3weeks of steroid therapy

  C.urinary protein is range from(+++)to(++++)after3〜4weeks of steroid therapy

  D.urinary protein is range from(+++)to(++++)after5〜6weeks of steroid therapy

  E.urinary protein is range from(+++)to(++++)after4〜8weeks of steroid therapy

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• 10Which one is correct for diagnosing nephrotic-range proteinuria

  A.quantitative analysis protein in the urine greater than 10mg/ ( kg • d)

  B.quantitative analysis protein in the urine greater than 20mg/(kg • d)

  C.quantitative analysis protein in the urine greater than 30mg/(kg • d)

  D.quantitative analysis protein in the urine greater than 40mg/(kg • d)

  E.quantitative analysis protein in the urine greater than 50mg/(kg • d)

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