The author refers to the ocean bottom as a "frontier" in line 2 because it .

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• 1Which of the following is NOT included in Dr. Eliot's reform program、

  A.Diversification of the courses offered.

  B.Elevation of the admissions standards.

  C.Enlargement of the enrollment.

  D.Enforced professional training in some field.

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• 2From the passage, which of the following can be inferred about Harvard College before progressive changes occurred、

  A.Admission standards were lower.

  B.Students were younger.

  C.Classes ended earlier.

  D.Courses were more practical.

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• 3Before the change, Harvard

  A.was short of financial aid.

  B.offered a narrower range of subjects.

  C.was not strict with its students.

  D.B.offered a narrower range of subjects.C.was not strict with its students.D.all of the abov

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• 4According to the passage, the educational changes were the result of

  A.plans developed by conservative and church leaders.

  B.efforts of interested individuals to redefine the educational system.

  C.the demands of social organization seeking financial relief.

  D.rallies held by westerners wanting to compete with eastern schools.

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• 5Which of the following is the author's main purpose in writing the passage、

  A.To present the history of Harvard College and compare it with that of Yale University.

  B.To criticize the conditions of the U.S. universities in the 19th century.

  C.To describe innovations in the U.S. higher education in the latter 1800's.

  D.To introduce what was happening in major U. S. universities before the turn of the century.

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• 6The author mentions outer space because .

  A.the Earth's climate millions of years ago was similar to conditions in outer space

  B.it is similar to the ocean floor in being alien to the human environment

  C.rock formations in outer space are similar to those found on the ocean floor

  D.techniques used by scientists to explore outer space were similar to those used in ocean exploration

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• 7Which of the following is true of the Clomar Challenger、

  A.It is a type of submarine.

  B.It is an ongoing project.

  C.It has gone on over 100 voyages.

  D.It made its first DSDP voyage in 1968.

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• 8The DSDP was significant because it was .

  A.an attempt to find new sources of oil and gas

  B.the first extensive exploration of the ocean bottom

  C.composed of geologists from all over the world

  D.funded entirely by the gas and oil industry

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• 9Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as being a result of the Deep sea Drilling Project、

  A.Geologists were able to determine the Earth's appearance hundreds of millions of years ago.

  B.Two geological theories became more widely accepted by scientists.

  C.Information was revealed about the Earth's past climatic changes.

  D.Geologists observed forms of marine life never before seen.

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• 10Part BDirections:In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41—45,choose the most suitable one from the list A—G to fit into each of the numbered blank.There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps.At Columbia University, where I taught economics for many years before coming to China, most of my students spent a great deal of time in volunteer work. They taught poor children in the local neighborhoods, they visited the elderly in hospitals and at home and helped them with their shopping, they worked to preserve historic sites and places of beauty, they cleaned up waste dumps, they prepared food for the hungry, they created and ran student newspapers, they organized concerts and artistic events, they acted as translators for migrant workers, they formed political pressure groups, they raised money to combat AIDS, malaria, and other diseases, and so on.As part of that tradition I do volunteer work here in Beijing, just as I did in New York, but I find that my students at Tsinghua University and at other schools in Beijing are much less involved in volunteering then I had expected. In part, of course, this reflects the heavier workload in Chinese schools, which leaves less time for outside activities. But I think there is more to it than just this. I think it also reflects a very different system, in which volunteer work for students here is usually organized or sponsored by government, schools, or other official groups, rather than by the students themselves. 41)________.This is unfortunate. I think it would be better both for them and for society if Chinese students took the initiative to decide what kinds of problems or issues they felt to be of importance, and then played a more active role in organizing the work. 42)___________.But there are at least two other important reasons for doing volunteer work. The first is that you can learn a lot about yourself and about your abilities by organizing, taking on responsibilities, deciding on objectives, and fulfilling them. 43)____________________.This is an important lesson. Many of my students here work very hard, but their attitude towards their work is not always a healthy one. They do the work not because they love it or feel that it is exciting but rather because it is expected of them, and they will get rewarded (or at least not punished) if they do it. With charitable work there is no explicit reward. You work because you have goals, and in the end the only judge of your work is yourself. 44)_______________________________________________.It also forces you to think about what you are doing and the best way to accomplish your objectives. You are no longer simply doing something because your teacher or your boss told you to do it.The second important reason for charitable work is that it changes your relationship with your society. Sometimes I feel that many of the people I meet here don't really appreciate the greatness of China and the excitement of the process through which it is currently living. The Chinese are well-known for being nationalistic, but sometimes I think this nationalism has more to do with distrust of foreigners than with love of country. Many of my friends and students simply do not know very much about their own country, and often seem unhappy with or embarrassed by certain aspects of Chin

  A.45)_________________________________________. For example, if you help the children of migrant workers with their education, you will quickly realize that poor migrant workers should not be seen as an embarrassment to Beijing. On the contrary, they are a great strength, and their stories are part of a huge and dramatic experiment that China is undergoing. In a small way by working with migrant children you can help make the experiment a success.[A]I think that if they had spent more time engaged in activities outside of school and family such as doing volunteer work, they would feel very differently.[B]This changes the way you think about work and about your responsibilities to yourself and others.[C]You will realize how future events can have just as big an impact on your life and those of your friends and family.[D]This means that many students here in Beijing think of volunteering as something that must be done to please teachers, bosses, or other figures of authority, rather than because of a desire to address a problem about which they have thought very deeply[E]When you work closely with others who are less fortunate than you, or when you set a local goal and work to accomplish it, you see directly how your actions can affect the world around you.[F]If you are interested in volunteer work you don't have to wait for your school, your teachers, or officials on television to tell you what to do.[G]There are many reasons why this would be good. The most obvious reason, of course, is that we all have obligations towards our society, and volunteer work is one way of repaying this obligation.A.

  D.The most obvious reason, of course, is that we all have obligations towards our society, and volunteer work is one way of repaying this obligation.A. B. C. D.

  H.a.45)_________________________________________. For example, if you help the children of migrant workers with their education, you will quickly realize that poor migrant workers should not be seen as an embarrassment to Beijing. On the contrary, they are a great strength, and their stories are part of a huge and dramatic experiment that China is undergoing. In a small way by working with migrant children you can help make the experiment a success.[A]I think that if they had spent more time engaged in activities outside of school and family such as doing volunteer work, they would feel very differently.[B]This changes the way you think about work and about your responsibilities to yourself and others.[C]You will realize how future events can have just as big an impact on your life and those of your friends and family.[D]This means that many students here in Beijing think of volunteering as something that must be done to please teachers, bosses, or other figures of authority, rather than because of a desire to address a problem about which they have thought very deeply[E]When you work closely with others who are less fortunate than you, or when you set a local goal and work to accomplish it, you see directly how your actions can affect the world around you.[F]If you are interested in volunteer work you don't have to wait for your school, your teachers, or officials on television to tell you what to do.[G]There are many reasons why this would be good. The most obvious reason, of course, is that we all have obligations towards our society, and volunteer work is one way of repaying this obligation.A. B. C. D. E. F. G.

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