The growth of specialization in the 19th century might be more clearly seen in sciences such as ________.

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• 1The future of this company is ________: many of its talented employees are flowing into more profitable net-based businesses.

  A.at odds

  B.in trouble

  C.in vain

  D.at stake

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• 2Whoever formulated the theory of the origin of the universe, it is just ________ and needs proving.

  A.spontaneous

  B.hypothetical

  C.intuitive

  D.empirical

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• 3The introduction of gunpowder gradually made the bow and arrow ________, particularly in Western Europe.

  A.obscure

  B.obsolete

  C.optional

  D.overlapping

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• 4For three quarters of its span on Earth, life evolved almost ________ as microorganisms.

  A.precisely

  B.instantly

  C.initially

  D.exclusively

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• 5The authors of the United States Constitution attempted to establish an effective national government while preserving ________ for the states and liberty for individuals.

  A.autonomy

  B.dignity

  C.monopoly

  D.stability

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• 6We can infer from the passage that ________.

  A.there is little distinction between specialization and professionalisation

  B.amateurs can compete with professionals in some areas of science

  C.professionals tend to welcome amateurs into the scientific community

  D.amateurs have national academic societies but no local ones

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• 7The author writes of the development of geology to demonstrate ________.

  A.the process of specialization and professionalisation

  B.the hardship of amateurs in scientific study

  C.the change of policies in scientific publications

  D.the discrimination of professionals against amateurs

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• 8The direct reason for specialization is ________.

  A.the development in communication

  B.the growth of professionalisation

  C.the expansion of scientific knowledge

  D.the splitting up of academic societies

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• 9Digital divide is something ________.

  A.getting worse because of the Internet

  B.the rich countries are responsible for

  C.the world must guard against

  D.considered positive today

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• 10Governments attach importance to the Internet because it ________.

  A.offers economic potentials

  B.can bring foreign funds

  C.can soon wipe out world poverty

  D.connects people all over the world

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