2019年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语真题四

　　Passage Four

　　Not so long ago almost any student who successfully completed a university degree could find a good career quite easily. Companies toured the academic institutions, competing with each other to select graduates. However, those days are gone, even in Hong Kong, and nowadays graduates often face strong competition in the search for jobs.

　　Most careers organizations highlight three stages for graduates to follow in the process of securing a suitable career: recognizing abilities, matching these to available jobs and presenting them well to possible employers.

　　Job seekers have to make a careful assessment of their own abilities. One area of assessment should be of their academic qualifications, which would include special skills within their subject area. Graduates should also consider their own personal values and attitudes. An honest assessment of personal interests and abilities such as creative skills, or skills acquired from work experience, should also be given careful thought.

　　The second stage is to study the opportunities available for employment and to think about how the general employment situation is likely to develop in the future. To do this, graduates can study job and position information in newspapers, or they can visit a careers office, write to possible employers for information or contact friends or relatives who may already be involved in a particular profession. After studying all the various options, they should be in a position to make informed comparisons between various careers.

　　Good personal presentation is essential in the search for a good career. Job application forms and letters should, of course, be filled in carefully and correctly, without grammar or spelling errors. Where additional information is asked for, job seekers should describe their abilities and work experience in more depth, with examples if possible. They should try to balance their own abilities with the employer‘s needs, explain why they are interested in a career with the particular company and try to show that they already know something about the company and its activities.

　　When graduates go to an interview, they should prepare properly by finding out all they can about the possible employer. Dressing suitably and arriving for the interview on time are also important. Interviewees should try to give positive and helpful answers and should not be afraid to ask questions about anything they are unsure about. This is much better than pretending to understand a question and giving an unsuitable answer.

　　51. "Those days are gone, even in Hong Kong" in Paragraph 1 suggests that

　　A. finding a good career used to be easier in Hong Kong than elsewhere

　　B. now everyone in Hong Kong has an equal chance of finding a good job

　　C. graduates now face stronger competition in Hong Kong than elsewhere

　　D. even in Hong Kong companies tour universities trying to select graduates

　　52. It is implied in Paragraph 3 that graduates should

　　A. aim to give a balanced account of what the employer needs

　　B. consider careers which suit their values, interests and abilities

　　C. recognize their own abilities regardless of what the employer looks for

　　D. stress their personal attitudes and values in job applications

　　53. According to Paragraph 4, graduates should

　　A. find a good position and then compare it with other careers

　　B. ask friends or relatives to secure them a good job

　　C. get information about a number of careers before making comparisons

　　D. study the opportunities and the kinds of training that will be available

　　54. In the last paragraph, the writer seems to suggest that

　　A. interviewees should appear humble if they can‘t give an answer

　　B. dressing properly is more important than being able to give an answer

　　C. it is better for interviewees to be honest than to pretend to understand

　　D. it is a good idea for interviewees to be boastful in their answers

　　55. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?

　　A. Until recently it was quite easy for graduates to get good jobs in Hong Kong.

　　B. Job seekers should consider as many related factors as possible.

　　C. Businesses used to visit the universities in Hong Kong to select graduates.

　　D. Graduates used to compete with each other for a good job in Hong Kong.

　　Part IV Cloze Test (15 minutes, 5 points)

　　Directions: There are ten blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

　　Adult education is the practice of teaching and educating adults. This is often done in the workplace, or 56 "continuing education" courses at secondary schools, or at a college or university.

　　Educating adults differs from educating 57 in several ways. One of the most important 58 is that adults have gained knowledge and experience which can 59 add value to a learning experience or interfere with it.

　　Another important difference is that adults frequently must apply their knowledge in some 60 fashion in order to learn effectively: there must be a 61 and a reasonable expectation that the new knowledge will help them further that goal. One example, 62 in the 1990s, was the spread of computer training courses in 63 adults, most of them office workers, could enroll. These courses would teach basic use of the operating system or specific application 64. Because the skills 65 to interact with a PC were so new, many people who had been working white-collar jobs for ten years or more eventually took such training courses, either of their own will(to gain computer skills and thus can higher pay)or at the request of their managers.

　　56. A. by B. from C. on D. through

　　57. A. children B. students C. workers D. employees

　　58. A. signs B. features C. differences D. practices

　　59. A. either B. neither C. both D. so

　　60. A. probable B. practical C. modem D. routine

　　61. A. plan B. prospect C. goal D. possibility

　　62. A. normal B. common C. regular D. profitable

　　63. A. that B. which C. those D. whose

　　64. A. software B. hardware C. technology D. framework

　　65. A. related B. designed C. expected D. required