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目的:探讨在体条件下,非创伤性双下肢缺血后处理是否具有减轻心肌缺血/再灌注损伤(IR)的作用。方法:采用SD大鼠心肌缺血/再灌注模型,应用Evan's蓝、TTC染色,观察非创伤性双下肢缺血后处理对心梗面积(infarction size IS)的影响;并应用生化检测及免疫组化技术,研究非创伤性双下肢缺血后处理磷酸肌酸激酶(creatine kinase CK)、丙二醛(malondialehyde MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase SOD)对大鼠心肌缺血/再灌注损伤的作用。结果:与缺血/再灌注组比较,非创伤性双下肢缺血后处理组的IS、MDA含量显著降低( P< 0.01),而SOD含量明显升高(P< 0.01),而CK值无显著性差异(P >0.05)。结论:非创伤性双下肢缺血后处理能有效降低心肌缺血/再灌注梗塞面积,其机制可能与减少自由基损伤和抗氧化作用加强有关。
关键词: 缺血 预处理 再灌注 心肌梗塞
【Abstract】Objective: To observe protective effects of non-wound legs ischemic postconditioning on ischemia/reperfusion myocardial injury in rats, investigate the effects of postconditioning on ischemia/reperfusion myocardial injury. Methods: 30 Sprague-Dawley rats divided randomly into four groups and reproduce the model of ischemia/reperfusion myocardial injury. We measured the infarction sizes (IS) with Evan's and TTC dye, examine creatine kinase (CK), malondialehyde (MDA)and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in our study. Results: Compare with the ischemic reperfusion group, the IS and the concentration of MDA in plasma of non-wound legs ischemic postconditioning were lower, p< 0.01, and the concentration of SOD in plasma of non-wound legs ischemic postconditioning were higher than that of the ischemic reperfusion group. Compare with the ischemic reperfusion group, there are no significance in ischemic reperfusion group and non-wound legs ischemic postconditioning group, p>0.05. Compare with the ischemic preconditioning group, the IS and the concentration of MDA and SOD in plasma are no significance between the ischemic preconditioning and non-wound legs ischemic postconditioning groups, p>0.05. Conclusion: Non-wound legs ischemic postconditioning has the same protective effects as ischemic preconditioning on decreasing the infarction size, the potential mechanism are that decreased oxygen free radical injury and strengthened the action of antioxidization.
1986年,由Murry等[1]首次提出缺血预处理概念(ischemic preconditioning,IPC),即冠状动脉反复短暂的缺血可以使心肌在后续更长时间的缺血中得到保护。近年来,有研究证明肾动脉、肠系膜动脉及股动脉等远距非心脏缺血预处理对心肌亦有保护作用[2~5],亦有报道非创伤性双下肢缺血预处理对心肌有保护作用[6]。本文旨在探讨在体情况下,非创伤性双下肢缺血后处理对大鼠缺血/再灌注损伤的保护作用。
1 材 料 和 方 法
1.1 实验动物:健康SD大鼠24只,体重250±30g,购自贵阳医学院实验动物中心,雌雄不拘,随机分为4组,每组6只。
1.2动物模型制备及分组
1.2.1 动物模型制备:实验大鼠以3.6%水合氯醛腹腔麻醉(10ml/kg),麻醉后固定于鼠台。分离气管,气管插管,连接微型动物呼吸机(浙江大学医疗器械厂生产)支持呼吸,频率50~60次/分,潮气量4~6ml/次将针形电极插入四肢皮下,连接心电图机(浙江大学医疗器械厂生产),记录标准导联心电图。经胸骨左缘2~4肋开胸,剪开心包,暴露心脏及左室表面血管,以左冠状动脉主干为标志,在左心耳根部下方2mm处进针,3/0丝线(结扎线)穿过心肌表层在肺动脉圆锥旁出针,在结扎线两端分别套入丝线环作为再灌注拉线,收紧结扎线以造成心肌缺血,牵拉再灌注拉线使结扎线放松后即行再灌注[7],以收紧结扎线后心电图S-T段抬高放松结扎线后S-T段下降1/2以上为模型成功,关闭胸腔。
1.2.2 动物分组:①假手术组(sham group,S组),开胸后穿线做套环,但不收紧结扎线;②缺血再灌注组(ischemic reperfusion group, IR组),收紧结扎线,造成缺血40min,牵拉再灌注拉线使结扎线放松后行再灌注180 min;③缺血预处理组(ischemic preconditioning group, IPC组),缺血5min,再灌注5 min ,反复3次,而后重复IR组操作;④非创伤性双下肢缺血后处理组(non-wound legs ischemic postconditioning group, N-WIPTC )组,操作同IR组,在再灌注同时捆绑双下肢5 min,以不能触及股动脉搏动为准,松开5min,反复3次。
责编:杨盛昌
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