医药学论文：惠州市麻疹患者血清流行病学调查

关键词：麻疹;IgM抗体;IgG抗体;血清学
摘要:目的 了解惠州市麻疹病例血清流行病学特征，探讨麻疹发病原因。 方法 对2003～2005年收集的390例麻疹疑似病例血清标本，采用酶联免疫吸附实验（ELISA）检测麻疹IgM抗体，麻疹IgM抗体阳性病例再用ELISA法检测麻疹IgG抗体。 结果 麻疹IgM抗体阳性率为76.6%，合格标本采集率34.1%。麻疹IgM抗体阳性病例麻疹IgG抗体阳性率64.9%;出疹与采血间隔天数长，IgG抗体阳性率和GMT高，≤1岁组病例IgG抗体阳性率和GMT水平最低。 结论 麻疹发病主要原因是未接种麻疹疫苗（MV）和接种后原发性免疫失败，提高血清样本采集率和开展风疹血清学鉴别诊断是惠州市加强麻疹实验室监测亟待解决的问题。
关键词:麻疹;IgM抗体;IgG抗体;血清学
Seroepidemiological survey of measles cases in Huizhou City.
Abstract:Objective To understand the seroepideniological characteristics of measles in Huizhou City and discuss the detailed cause of measles. Methods 390sera collected from measles cases in2003～2005were detected by enzyme-linked immunosor-bent assay for IgM antibodies，and the cases who were confirmed of measles specific IgMpositive were detected by ELISA for IgG anti-bodies. Results The average positive rate of IgMwas76.6%，the qualified sample collecting rate was34.1%.The average posi-tive rate of IgG in confirmed IgMpositives was64.9%;The longer the interval during rash and samplingwas，the higher the IgG pos-itive rate and the GMTwere.The group aged less than1year had the lowest positive rate and the GMT among different aged groups. Conclusion No vaccination and failure of primary vaccination are the main causes for the onset of measles.To improve the sample collecting rate and carry out rubella serological identification assay are urgently needed.
Key words:Measles;IgM antibody;IgG antibody;Serology
惠州市2003～2005年麻疹监测系统分别报告麻疹疑似病例584例、216例、343例，报告发病率分别为16.5/10万、6.0/10万、9.5/10万，无死亡病例。2003～2005年惠州市麻疹发病以小年龄组为主，15岁以下病例占75.6%，病例最小33d，最大52岁。为了探讨麻疹发病规律，现将惠州市2003～2005年麻疹实验室检测结果分析如下。