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- 课时:160h
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特色双名师解密新课程高频考点,送国家电网教材讲义,助力一次通关
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支架式教学的理论基础是皮亚杰的建构主义思想和维果斯基的儿童发展理论,是西方教育心理学的最新教学理论。支架式教学被定义为"支架式教学为学习者建构对知识的理解提供一种概念框架(conceptual framework)",即在教学中,学习者在教师的指导下或同伴帮助下,将复杂的学习任务加以分解,创设真实情景,逐步建构起整体概念。在撤掉支架时,学生自己能够独立地解决问题。在这种模式中,学生是知识意义的主动建构者,教师是教学过程的组织者、指导者,意义建构的帮助者、促进者,教材所提供的知识不再是教师传授的内容,而是学生主动建构意义的对象。所以支架式教学由5个环节组成:搭脚手架,进入情境,独立探索,协作学习和效果评价。本文以身体锻炼的优缺点的议论文为例。
支架理论指导下的写作教学过程及分析如下。
一、搭脚手架
笔者利用两项活动搭脚手架,促进学生由"现有水平"向潜在发展水平转化,提高学生兴趣。
活动1:搭建学习兴趣的支架
首先要激发学生的写作兴趣,选择贴近学生学习生活的素材,创设熟悉的语言环境,引起他们对周围的事物的关注和思考。例如:①My view on Campus Love;②Choosing a Good Major or choosing a Good University.
活动2:搭建语言的支架
为了避免汉语对学生英语写作思维的负迁移的影响,老师在平时的训练中应该有意识地培养学生中英文思维的转化能力,这对写作能力的提高非常有益,因此作文之前的翻译练习非常必要。
二、进入情景
笔者通过视频和思考相结合的原则来创设一个真实的英语语言环境。
活动1:视频输入和思考问题: 让学生观看身体锻炼的视频,身临其境。
活动2:阅读是语言输入,写作是语言输出。阅读材料的输入为写作提供结构支架。
Dear editor,
I'm writing to tell you about a discussion we have had about whether students of senior 3 should take physical exercise.
55% of the students think we should take exercise every day.Firstly,it is important for us to the following things,such as doing morning exercises,playing ping-pong and playing basketball.But it shouldn't take too much time.Secondly,exercise can build up thEir bodies and reduce diseases.What's more,sports can let their brains have s rest so that they can learn their lessons more effectively.
On the other hand,45% of the students believe taking exercise is a waste of time and it is tiring.After having sports,they are too excited for a long time to pay attention to their lessons.Besides,they might get injured in sports.
In my opinion,we can combine our study with pleasure.We can take exercise but we shouldn't spend too much time and energy.
责编:杨盛昌
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