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Nursing at Beth Israel also involves a decentralized(分散的)nursing administration;every floor,every unit is a self-contained organization.There are nurse managers instead of head nurses,in addition to their medical duties they do all their own hiring and dismissing,employee advising,and they make salary recommendations.Each unit's nurse decide among themselves who will work what shifts and when.
Beth Israel's nurse-in-chief ranks as an equal with other vice presidents of the hospital. She also is a member of the Medical Executive Committee,which in most hospitals includes only doctors.
It can be inferred from the passage that__________.
A)compared with other hospitals nurses at Beth Israel Hospital are more patient
B)in most hospitals nurses get low salaries
C)in most hospitals nurses get low salaries
D)compared with other hospitals nurses have to work longer hour at Beth Israel Hospital
本题要求考生判断4个选项中哪一个是根据文章可以推断出的结论,要求考生根据文章内容作出合理的推断。从本题所提供的4个选项来看,文章并未谈及护士的"耐心"(A);也未谈及护士的"工资待遇"(C),只是说到护士的工资提升要由各科室推荐;更未涉及护士的"工作时间长短"(D)),文章的第一段最后一句才是得出正确答案的依据,这句的意思是:"如果我们确要解决护理工作不足的问题,那么各地医院的行政部门和医生最好还是效法一下Beth Israel医院",主句的虚拟语气也说明这一点:迄今为止还未做到。由此可以推断:①护理不充分是一个应该解决的问题;②这个问题普遍存在,否则就没有必要要求各地医院行政部门和医生效法这家医院的做法。因此本题的正确答案为B),本题属于局域型问题的间接性问题,这类问题是考生出错最多的题型。在做这类问题时,切忌从篇章的个别句子中寻找答案,而应把目光放在全篇的理解上:作者写这篇文章的目的是什么,针对什么问题,如何解决等。有许多考生可能都有这种体验:有的问题,第一遍阅读时做对了,第二遍再细读后,又改错了。这就是因为他们在读第二遍时注意了对篇章的个别句于的推敲,而忽视了整篇文章的大意。
2、Communication Techniques
文章中的每一句话都有它的作用和目的,都是为作者的写作而服务的。有的是下层意思的铺垫,有的是上旬话的结果,互相衬托,互相联系。四级阅读中常常就技巧性问题提问,测试读者对文章是否正确理解。这类题的命题方式有:
(1)The fact...is mentioned by the author to show_________.
(2)The author achieves his purpose by depending mainly upon.
(3)The writer talks about...in order io_________ .
(4)In discussing...the author_________.
(5)The author's statement about...is a...for...
责编:彭亚玲
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