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lesson 3 冠 词
冠词有两种,一是不定冠词a/an,另外一种是定冠词the(有的语法学家说有三种冠词,这另外一种是零念冠词,这里我们不讨论)。
一、不定冠词及其用法
1. 可数名词在表泛指时,要加不定冠词"a/an"表示"一个","每一"相当于one或表示某一
2. a用在辅音音素(即音标中的辅音而不是辅音字母)之前,如a European scientist.an用在元音音素(音标中的元音而不是指元音字母)之前,如an Xray examination
3. 跟汉语一样,并列的两个单数名词表示一个概念,第二个名词前的不定冠词a可以省去,以避免重复
二、定冠词的用法
1. 一般来说,普通名词有特指和泛指,如果特指,就要加定冠词;如果泛指,可数名词前加不定冠词,或用其复数形式
2. 定冠词the主要和名词连用,表示某些特定的人或事物
3. 由of引起的限定性短语(作定语)所修饰的词前加the
4. 表示身体的某一部位,用the代替物主代词my, our, your, his, her等
5. 表示江河海洋,海峡海湾,山脉和群岛及有些湖泊之前用the
6. 定冠词the加姓氏的复数,表示某某一家人,如果做主语,谓语动词要用复数
7. 当一个抽象名词,不表示一般的概念而是表示某一特定的内容时加定冠词the
8. 由普通名词和一些其他词构成的专有名词前加the
the People's Republic of China
三、同步练习
1. ____rose is____beautiful flower.
2.Mr. Smith always smokes____cigarette with ____cup of coffee.
3.____door of____garage is broken.
4.____donkeys are ____ stupid animals.
5.____bread is made from ____ flour,and ____flour is made from ____wheat.
6.She is ____good musician;she plays ____piano beautifully.
7.Thousands of ____visitors go to ____Great Wall every ____day.
8.When he was enghteen,he joined ____navy.
9.He sent me ____letter and ____postcard;____letter didn't arrive.
10.Li is not at ____office;I think he's gone____home.
11.Is there ____telephone here?
12.She is studying ____English and ____French.
13.I bought ____pen and some paper,but I left____pen in ____shop.
14.____machine is made of ____steel and ____copper.
15.____honesty is ____best policy.
16.____coal is 60 dollars ____ton at the moment.
17.I stay at ____home last night and listened to ____radio.
18.We went to Paris and saw ____Palace of Versailles.
19.He goes back to ____ country to see his people once ____year.
20.____Liu's are going to ____cinema.
四、答案
1.the(或 a),a 2.a,a 3.the,the 4.x,x 5.x,x,x,x 6.a,the
7.x,the,x 8.the 9.a,a,the 10.the,x 11.a 12.x,x 13.a,the,the
14.the,x,x 15.x,the 16.x,a 17.x,the 18.x,the 19.the,a 20.the,the
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