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英语:易错词汇短语辨析:系动词辨析及搭配用法

来源:长理培训发布时间:2020-08-10 14:22:43

  become,grow,go,get,run,turn等系动词辨析及搭配用法

  常见的“变成”类系动词有become, get, come, go, grow, fall, turn, run等,都表示从一种状态到另一种状态。尽管意思都差不多,但搭配有差别,若不注意,运用时会出错。我们要注意以下几个方面。

  1. 形容词作表语。

  go和come是一对相反的词。''go+adj.''表示令人不快的事情,而''come+adj.''表示好的事情。如:

  In hot weather, meat goes bad. Things will come righ in the end.

  go与come前面的主语一般是物。如: 误:She goes famous. 正:She becomes(gets) famous.

  表语为mad,crazy(古怪的),blind, lame或表示颜色的词,go前面的主语可以是人。如:

  He went mad. Hearing this, she went red.

  run后面接short,dry, low, deep等词,主语多为能流动,能消耗掉的东西。如:

  Their money was running short. Still waters run deep.

  但wild作表语,主语可以是人,如: Don't let the children run wild.

  grow与run相对,接表示人或物特征的静态形容词,也接表示天气的形容词,侧重于“逐渐变成”。如:The girl grew thinner and thinner. Soon the sky grew light.

  turn多接表示颜色的形容词,也接表示天气的形容词,它侧重变得与以前完全不同。如:

  The man turned blue with fear. The weather suddenly turned much colder.

  fall接asleep, silent等静态形容词和表示疾病的形容词,但不能接形容词比较级。如: She fell ill froom cold.

  (误)She fell from cold. (正)She got worse.

  fall short(没中),fall apart(散开),fall flat(没效果),可作成语记住。

  ''get+adj.''是口语,用得广泛,get能替代become, become较正式,get与become前面的主语既可以是人又可以是物。如: He became(got) angry. His coat has become(got) badly torn.

  get较多地与形容词比较级连用。如: The days are getting longer and longer.

  注意:become一般不用于“将来成为”的意思。如(误)I hope you will become well.(正)I hope you will get well.

  2. become, turn, get, go, fall能用名词作表语,其它的则不能。如:

  His dream has become(got) a reality. He has turned scientist. He has gone socialist.

  He fell(a) victim to cancer.

  注意:go, turn后面的名词通常不带冠词。

  3. become, get, grow能接过去分词,并且come和go多接有否定前缀的过去分词。“get+过去分词”表示一次行为:“become+过去分词”表示事情发生的最后结果。如:

  The string comes untied. His report went unnoticed. The fence gets white——washed every year.

  She became engaged as a typist.

  4. get, go, come能接现在分词,不过它们已失去“成为”的意思。如:

  They went in and got chatting together.(开始) We often go swimming.(去) He came running in(来)

  5. come, grow, get能接不定式,这种结构表示变化过程,come表示“最终变得”get表示“由不……变得”,grow表示“渐渐变得”如:

  I've really come to love this place. Mary's growing to be more and more like her mother. You'll soon get to like it.

  这种结构不能用于带有一段时间的完成时态。如:

  (误)They have got to know each other for years. (正)They have known each other for years.

责编:郝悦浩

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