职称英语综合类考试教材词汇选项部分题目与答案（8）

 　　词汇学习8

　　下面一组词汇学习有15道小题。在每道题的句子里都有一个加底横线的词或短语，请在四个选项中找出与加底横线的词或短语意义最相近的一项。

　　+1 .Philip Roth was hailed as a major new author in 1960.

　　A) published B)challenged C)acclaimed D) guided

　　2. He was one of the principal organizers of the association.

　　A) planners B)employees C) actors D) recipients

　　+3 . It is postulated that population trends have an effect on economic fluctuations.

　　A) challenged B)assumed C)deducted D) decreed

　　+ 4. This kind of animals are on the verge of extinction , because so many are being killed for their fur.

　　A) drying up B)dying out C) being exported D) being transplanted

　　+5 . The train came to an abrupt stop,making us wonder where we were.

　　A)slow B)noisy C) sudden D) jumpy

　　+6. During the Second World War,all important resources in the U. S. were allocated by the federal government.

　　A) nationalized B)commandeered C)taxed D)distributed

　　*7. The little boy was so fascinated by the mighty river that he would spend hours sitting on its

　　bank and gazing at the passing boats and rafts.

　　A) very strong B)very long C) very great D)very fast

　　*8. The stories of Sarah Orne Jewett are considered by many to be more authentically regional than those of Bret Harte.

　　A) elegantly B)genuinely C) intentionally D) thoroughly

　　+9 . The number of the United States citizens who are eligible to vote continues to increase.

　　A) encouraged B)enforced C)expected D) entitled

　　10. Formulated in 1823,the Monroe Doctrine asserted that the Americas were no longer open to European colonization.

　　A) stated firmly B)argued light-mindedly

　　C)thought seriously D) announced regrettably

　　11.Smoking is not permitted in the office.

　　A) probable B)possible C) admitted D) allowed

　　12. The chairman proposed that we should stop the meeting.

　　A) stated B)declared C)suggested D) announced

　　13. I feel regret about what's happened.

　　A) sorry B)disappointed C) shameful D) disheartened

　　14. She has proved that she can be relied on in a crisis.

　　A) lived on B)depended on C) lived off D) believed in

　　15. John removed his overcoat.

　　A) took away B)left aside C) took off D) washed off

　　答案与解析：

　　1. C hail和acclaim意思相近，表示“向……欢呼”“将……拥戴为”。He was acclaimed as Britain's greatest modern painter .他被赞誉为英国最伟大的现代画家。 publish ：出版。challenge ：挑战。 challenge his theory ：向他的理论挑战。 guide ：指导。

　　2. A principal organizer ：主要组织者。 planner ：组织者，策划者。 employee ：雇员。 actor ：演员。recipient：接受者。She is a welfare recipient.她是接受福利救济的人。

　　3. B postulate ：假定。与 assume (设想;假定)意思相近。 I assume you don't drive ,Mr. Jones? 琼斯先生，我想你不会开车吧?challenge：挑战。His authority was challenged.他的权威性受到了挑战。deduct：减去。Tax will be deducted automatically from your wages.税会自动从你工资中扣除。 decree ：颁布(法令、政令)。 The minister decreed that there would be a full investigation over this matter.部长下令，将对此进行全面调查。

　　4. B extinction ：灭绝，绝迹。与 die out (绝种)意思相近。 The giant panda is in danger of dying out.大熊猫面临绝种的危险。dry up：擦干。Let me wash up these plates and you dry them up.我来洗盘子，你来把它们擦干。export：出口。Many bicycles are exported each year.每年都有许多自行车出口到国外。transplant：移植，迁移。Many vegetables were transplanted to the north ,growing in the greenhouse.许多种蔬菜移植到了北方，在温室里生长。

　　5. C abrupt：突然的。Following an abrupt change of the topic ,we started to complain about the quality of food .话题突然一转，我们开始抱怨饭菜的质量。 sudden 与 abrupt 的意思近似：突然的。 slow ：慢。 noisy ：吵人的。 jumpy ：跳动的;神经过敏的。 She seemed very jumpy recently.她最近情绪很不稳定。

　　6. D allocate ：分配，拨给。 distribute ：分发，分布。 Distribute the pictures among the children, will you?请把图片发给孩子们，好吗?nationalize：国有化。The government decided to nationalize the railways and the mines .政府决定将铁路和矿IJJ国有化。 commandeer ：征用。They were afraid that their land would be commandeered .他们害怕土地会被征用。tax：征税。Cigarettes in this country are heavily taxed.这个国家对香烟征很高的税。

　　7. A mighty ：强大的，强有力的。 We are dealing with forces that are mightier than ourselves .我们正在应付强于我们的势力。strong：强壮的。long：长的。great：大的，伟大的。fast：快的。

　　8. B authentic：真的，真正的。an authentic manuscript：一部真正的原稿。genuine：真的，真正的。gloves made of genuine leather：真皮手套。elegant：优雅的，漂亮的。intentional：故意的，有意识的。thorough：彻底的，仔细周到的。

　　9. D eligible：有资格的。Those who have a mountain bike are eligible to join the club.拥有山地自行车的人有资格加人此俱乐部。 entitle ：给……权利(或资格)。 be entitled to... ：有权(或资格)。 Everyone is entitled to receive education .人人都有受教育的权利。注意：be entitled to 中的to既可能是不定式的to，也可能是介词to，也就是说整个短语除可跟动词原 形外，也可以跟名词短语。Every child in Britain is entitled to free education.英国的每个孩子都有权享受免费教育。 encouraged ：此处是 encourage (鼓励)的过去分词形式。 The children are encouraged to go in for more sports.孩子们受到参加更多体育运动的鼓励。 expected：此处是 expect (期望)的过去分词形式。 We are expected to finish the job before six .他们期望我们在6点钟之前做完这项工作。

　　10. A assert ：宣称，断言。与 state firmly (坚定地说)意思相近。 argue light-mindedly ：轻率地争辩。 think seriously ：严肃地认为。 announce regrettably ：令人遗憾地宣布。

　　11. D permit ：允许。 allow ：允许。 They shouldn't allow parking in the street;it's too narrow. 他们不该允许在街道一停车，街道太窄了。probable：很可能。It is probable that it will rain tomorrow.明天很可能下雨。possible：可能的。Is such a thing possible?这样的事有可能发生吗?admit：承认。I'm willing to admit that I do make mistakes.我愿意承认我确实会犯错。

　　12. C propose ：建议;提议。 suggest ：建议。 She suggested that he should adapt himself to his new conditions.她建议他应适应新的情况。state：陈述，宣布。You'll have to state what exactly these terms mean .你须说明这些术语的确切意思是什么。 declare ：宣布。 She declared that she didn't want to see him again.她宣布不想再见到他。announce：宣布。They announced that she would give an extra song.他们宣布她会再唱一支歌。

　　13. A regret: feel regret about sth .对……感到懊悔。 sorry ：遗憾的。 The manager had said that he was sorry and there was nothing he could do about it.经理说过他很遗憾，对此他没有什么办法。 disappointed ：失望的。 They were very disappointed at the outcome of the talks .他们对会议的结果深感失望。shameful：可耻的，不光彩的。To steal money from a blind person is a shameful act .偷盲人的钱是可耻的行为。 disheartened ：泄气。 She is easily disheartened by difficulties.面对困难，她很容易泄气。

　　14. B rely on ：依靠。 depend on ：依靠，依赖。 The town depends almost solely on the tourist trade.小镇的经济主要依靠旅游业。live on：靠 ? 一生活。They live on vegetarian food.他们以素食为主。 live off ：靠……生活。 She still lives off her parents .她仍靠父母养活。believe in ：对……有信心。 If you believe in yourself you can succeed .如果你相信自己，你就会取得成功。

　　15. C remove ：脱掉;去掉。 take off ：脱掉，拿下。 She took off her spectacles .她摘下了眼镜。take away ：拿去，剥夺。 They are going to take my citizenship away .他们将剥夺我的公民资格。leave aside：搁置。Let's leave aside the matter for a moment.让我们暂且把此事搁一搁。 wash off ：把……洗掉。 Wash these dirty marks off the wall .把墙上的这些污点洗掉。