2018年军队职称考试——军队职称英语225

 　Irradiating Food

　　Irradiating fruits, vegetables, pork and chicken to kill insects and bacteria has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration over the past decade or so. Irradiation of other meats, such as beef and lamb, is being reviewed. Federal approval does not require that industry adopt the process, and few food processors presently offer irradiated products.

　　Market studies have shown that many consumers are afraid that eating irradiated foods may cause cancer, despite scientific studies that prove the safety of treated foods. Some people argue that more severe government inspection, higher food-safety standards, and more careful-preparation practices by consumers are all that is needed to ensure that food is safe.

　　Consequently, companies currently see no need to spend millions of dollars outfitting processing plants with the equipment necessary for a process that very few shoppers are in favor of.

　　All supermarkets that sell irradiated food must label the food either directly on the packaging,or, in the case of bulk items like fruits and vegetables, by placing a sign nearby. There is no requirement for the labeling of irradiated food served by chain restaurants or hospitals that buy directly from distributors, nor any regulations for products that contain irradiated ingredients.

　　Presently, the FDA allows food to be treated with three types of radiation-gamma rays, high-energy electrons, and X rays-and sets limits on doses, depending on the type of food. The principle is that the dose to be used for a certain type of food should not exceed the amount that is sufficient to kill most harmful insects and bacteria present in it. Different types of food, because of their molecular compositions, may require different doses of radiation.

　　16. According to the passage, killing insects and bacteria present in foods by irradiating is not completely approved by the US government.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　17. There are quite a number of food processors which are interested in producing irritated foods.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　18. Some consumers are doubtful of the safety of irradiated foods and suggest a more severe government inspection be taken.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　19. Some companies foresee the promising future of setting up food processing factories, although they do not see the need now.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　20. It is required that labels placed on irradiated food or nearby bulk items such as vegetables and fruits should indicate irradiated ingredients.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　21. Restaurants can serve irradiated food bought directly from distributors without labeling it.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　22. The passage tells us that FDA approves irradiating food to some extent but irradiated food is not widely accepted.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

    16．A。题干：物理学家长相是什么样子的，多数人持有相同的看法。利用题干关键词可以定位到第一段最后一句“Most people picked a white male of around 60，wearing glasses and with a white beard”，意为“多数人都会挑选一个大约60岁的白头发的老人，戴眼镜，留着白色胡子”，由此可知题干信息与原文信息相符合。

　　17．c。题干：英国的多数物理学家都是剑桥大学毕业的。由题干中专有名词Cambridge回到原文定位，文中没有提到此信息，故选C。

　　18．A。题干：媒体和电影在推动科学家的疯狂形象方面发挥了重要作用。该题的信息在第三段第一句，意为“科学家的刻板形象已经持续了很长时间，因为媒体和好莱坞的电影推动了这个穿白色实验服、戴眼镜、坐在写满公式的黑板旁边的形象”。由此可知题干信息与原文信息相符合，故选A。

　　19．C。题干：未来女性科学家的数量会大于男性科学家的数量。利用题干关键词womenscientists和men scientists进行定位，文中未提到此信息，故选C。

　　20．A。题干：如果科学吸引人的话，会有更多孩子学习科学。利用题干关键词可以定位到第四段第二句，意为“如果我们想鼓励更多年轻人学习科学，我们就需要改变科学家的形象并且让科学工作更吸引人”。由此可知题干信息与原文信息相符合，故选A。

　　21．B。题干：疯疯癫癫的科学家的形象对社会是有益的。根据第20小题定位的句子“如果我们想鼓励更多年轻人学习科学，我们就需要改变科学家的形象并且让科学工作更吸引人”可知题干信息与原文信息显然不相符合，故选B。

　　22．B。题干：国际科学奥林匹克比赛每两年举行一次。利用专有名词International Science Olympiads可以定位到文章最后一段，可知“国际科学奥林匹克比赛每年在不同国家举行一次”。题干信息与原文信息不相符合，故选B。