2021军队职称英语词汇要点：副词与介词

副词与介词
副词
一、副词的分类（共7类）
1.时间副词：now,today，ago,recently,always,often,already,usually,sometimes,finally.
2.地点副词：here,there,everywhere,above,below,down,up,out,home,in.
3.方式副词（大部分是由形容词加词尾ly构成）：badly,bravely,carefully,carelessly,slowly,happily.
4.程度副词：much,little,very,rather,almost,partly.
5.疑问副词（是用来引起一个特殊问句的），常用的有：when,where,how,why,例如：
Where do I get off to change to Bus 14?
换十四路公共汽车在哪儿下？
6.连接副词（是用来引起一个主语、宾语或表语从句的），常用的有：when,where,how,why,例如：
This is where you are wrong.这就是你不对的地方。
7.关系副词（是用来引起一个定语从句的），常用的有：when,where,why,例如：
That is the reason why I am not in favour of revising the plan.
这就是我不赞成修改计划的原因。
二、副词的比较级和最高级
1.只有少数单音节的副词是以加-er和-est来构成比较级和最高级的，如：hard,harder,hardest;slow,slower,slowest;fast,faster,fastest;early,earlier,earliest.
2.大多数都是以加more贺most的方法来构成，如：
often,more often,most often;
carefully,more carefully,most carefully;
successfully,more successfully,most successfully.
3.下面几个副词有不规则的比较级和最高级的形式：
原级
比较级
最高级
well
badly
much
little
far
better
worse
more
less
farther(further)
Best
worst
most
least
farthest(furthest)
介词
一、介词的分类（3类）
1.简单介词：at,by,in,of,on,after,from,for,about
2.合成介词：into,inside,without,upon,out of,because of
3.成语介词：by means of,with the help of,in front of
二、介词短语在剧中的作用（介词不能在句中独立使用，只能构成介词短语在句中充当一个成分）
1.状语：
Thank you for reminding me of it.
谢谢你提醒我。
He is a responsible man in spite of his shortcomings.
他尽管有缺点，却是一个负责的人。
2.定语：
What is the advantage of doing all this?
做着一切有什么好处呢？
Most of the products on display are new ones.
展出的产品大多都是新产品。
3.表语：
These people are only after fame and position.
这些人只是追名求位。
They are out of touch with reality and masses.
他们脱离实际和脱离群众。