2021军队职称英语考试完形填空必背解题技巧
来源:长理培训发布时间:2020-09-04 21:19:39
第一节完形填空的考查重点
完形填空旨在测试考生对语言的理解程度和综合运用语言的能力。军队职称英语考试中的完形填空测试是一篇难度适中,长度为150词左右的短文。短文中留出15个空白,每个空白为一题,每题有四个选项。要求考生在全面理解内容的基础上选择最佳答案,使短文意思完整、文理通顺、结构严谨、主题明确。
完形填空难于单句填空,因为它要求应试者从单句的理解水平提高到语篇的理解水平。完形填空所设计的每一处空白在内容上都与上下文密切相关,因此在做这类考题时,我们不应像对待单句选择那样去孤立地解决某一问题。要做好完形填空,考生不但要有相当的语法、词汇、写作知识及运用技巧,而且要有一定的语篇分析能力,较好的语感和逻辑思维以及比较广泛的背景知识。
完形填空考题的设计一般是从以下三个方面出发的:(1)语法结构,(2)词法结构,(3)上下文之间的逻辑关系。在15个选项中,要求填入实词(动词、名词和形容词等)的约占70%,其他为虚词(介词、副词等)的约占30%。要填的词几乎涉及各个词类,动词含有不同的时态和语态。
第二节完形填空的解题技巧
完形填空的一般解题步骤是:
1.通读全文。首先要阅读整篇文章,理解全文内容。同时对全文的语言表达方式,比如文章用的时态、语态、文章的措辞与口气等方面得出大致印象。
2.逻辑判断。在阅读全篇的基础上,开始从头判断每个空所缺的词的语言形式,如词类、时态、语态;并判断该词应具有的符合文章上下文的词义。
3.理解选择。从给出的4个选项中,选出在语法与词义上均与原文相符合的一个。
考生要提高完形填空的成绩,首先应注重提高自己应用语言的各种能力。这就要求他们:
1.选择词时,应善于通过阅读上下文找出与空中所缺词有关的词境线索。比如,注意前面是否已经提到该词所涉及的内容,所缺词应是肯定形式还是否定形式等。
2.军队职称英语考试中的完形填空有四个给定选项,所以考生答题时可采用排除法,就是把给出的4个词中在语法或词义方面不恰当的词排除掉,从而找出正确答案。
3.做完形填空试题时,比较忌讳看一个空填一个空。这样做,尽管所选的词,可能从语法和词义上都比较合适,但由于缺乏对整篇文章的了解,可能会出现一连串选词错误,造成这些句子的句意与全篇文章的意思不和谐,甚至出现前后矛盾的现象。
4.通过对近几年军队职称英语考试完形填空试题的分析,我们发现,在所需填的词中,结构词占一定比例,但至少60%以上是实义词,难度较大。考生若没有对全文的正确理解,就不可能把这些空中所缺的词全部填对。
5.考生在阅读的过程中要注意知识的积累,特别要加强对语言感受力的培养。完形填空不是单句填空,要求通过一定的语境线索进行分析,所以考生只有通过大量的阅读,增强语感和对语言的敏感程度。
6.考试中虽然只有一篇完形填空,但选材范围很广。所以考生平日应广闻博记,熟悉各种不同文体、不同题材,以及不同语言风格的文章。
第三节完形填空——必背文章汇总
1 Eat for a Good and Healthful Life
Food keeps us alive.It is our sustenance and our pleasure.But recently,research has shown that the eating habits of the average Americans may be dangerous to future health.
The foods Americans now choose are oftentimes too rich in calories and fats,so this article reports a new study:Diet and Health,Implications for Reducing Chronic Disease Risk.
The study,conducted by the National Research Council's Committee on Diet and Health,concludes that balancing nutrition,calories and activity is key to enjoying a long and healthful life.
The report recommends that most Americans increase physical activity to a moderate level and make changes in food choices and calories intake to maintain ideal weight.
Most of us—even those of us at ideal weight—need to eat less fat so that no more than 30%of our daily calories will come from fat.
That means cutting down on red meat and whole milk dairy products.Indeed,eat fish,chicken without skin,lean meats,and low—fat and no—fat dairy products.
The report of the Committee on Diet and Health recommends we eat five or more 1/2—cup servings of vegetables and fruits daily—especially green and yellow vegetables and citrus fruits.
Eating more fruits and vegetables doesn't have to mean increased calories intake.Many plant foods are nutrient—rich;they provide many vitamins and minerals for very few calories.
Nutrient—rich foods are particularly important for Americans over 50.As we age,we need to eat less because our bodies need fewer calories to function properly.But we still need full measures of vitamins and minerals to release the energy in our foods and make us feel strong and healthy.[卫生类C]
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