2021军队职称英语考试[完形填空]笔记第三篇

In the study by Daniel Kruger at the US's University of Michigan,854 subjects viewed a series of ___3____ head shots that had been digitally changed to exaggerate or minimize masculine.traits2 They then ____ 4____ questions about how they expected the men in the photos to behave.
Most participants said that those with more masculine features were ____5____ to be risky,competitive,and more apt to fight,challenge bosses,cheat on spouses and put less effort into parenting.Those with more feminine ___6___ were seen as good parents and husbands,hard workers and emotionally supportive mates.
But,despite all the negative characteristics,when asked who they would choose for a short-term relationship,women selected the more masculine
___7___ men.Brad and George,both chiseled jaws and well-defined brows,then would be good for a ___8____ romance,not for something longer.
The study was published in the December issue of the US journal Personal Relationships.
Kruger said that from an evolutionary perspective,this ___9___ sense.The key is testosterone,the hormone responsible ___10___ the development of masculine facial features and other sexual characteristics.It has been found to affect the body's ability to fight disease:men with high levels of the hormone are typically ___11___ and healthy-traits women want to pass on to their children.
However,increased testosterone has also been linked to ___12___ and violence in relationships.So,these men ___13___ produce high quality offspring,but they don't always make great parents or faithful mates,Kruger says.
The scientific community3 have ___ 14____ skepticism toward physiognomy,which links facial characteristics to certain behavioral traits.But Kruger argues that the research is a valuable tool for understanding mating strategies.And,of course,for explaining why Tony Leung and Takeshi Kanesshiro have millions of female ___15___.It might have to do with their genes.Or something to do with ours.
词汇：
masculine['mɑ:skjulin]adj.男性的feminine['feminin]adj.女性的
chiseled['t∫izild]v.轮廓清晰的testosterone[tes't?st?r?un]n.睾丸激素
hormone['h?:m?un]n.荷尔蒙physiognomy[?fizi'?n?mi]n.观相术
注释：
1.well-defined brow ridges轮廓清晰的眉骨
2.digitally changed to exaggerate or minimize masculine traits通过数字化使得男性特征变得更突出或更不显眼一些。
3.The scientific community学术界
练习：
1.A)make B)judge C)date D)meet
2.A)where B)when C)while D)which
3.A)female B)beautiful C)attractive,D)male
4.A)answered B)asked C)constructed D)built.
5.A)likely B)possible C)probable D)necessary
6.A)bodies B)hands C)arms D)faces
7.A)seeming B)appearing C)looking D)pretending
8.A)fast B)brief C)quick D)swift
9.A)makes B)causes C)does D)forms
10.A)of B)at C)for D)in
11.A)normal B)ordinary C)weak D)strong
12.A)cheat B)cheats C)cheated D)cheating
13.A)must B)might C)have to D)should
14.A)shown B)told C)stated D)said
15.A)spouses B)fans C)partners D)mates
答案与题解：
1.B这四个词的意思是：make:做；judge:判断；date:约会；meet:见面。本文的主题是讲女人找伴侣。从所在句子的表示方式的介词短语by how masculine their features are（根据他们男性特征的情况），选择judge在语义上比较一致。
2.C前后两个小句表达的是一种对比，因此用while是对的。
3.D female:女性的；beautiful:漂亮的；attractive:吸引人的；male:男性的。该提问的是：854个调查对象看了一系列什么样的头部镜头？在第一题的题解中我们说到，本文的主题是讲女人找伴侣，同时也说到女人是根据男性的特征来选择配偶的。因此在这四个选项中选male是对的。
4.A answer:回答；ask:问；construct:构造；build:建造。该提问的是：这854个调查对象看完一系列的男性的头部镜头后还要做什么？显然，应该是回答问题而不是提问题。因此选answered是对的。
5.A likely:可能的；possible:可能的；probable:可能的；necessary:必然的。合适的选项是likely。其它的选项填入后生成的都是错误的句子。
6.D body:躯体；hand:手；arm:手臂；face:脸。由于调查对象看的是男士的头部，因此选face是对的。
7.C seem:好像；appear:出现；look:看上去；pretend:假装。我们可以说：These men look very masculine.这些男人看上去非常男性。也可以说these masculine looking men。因此用looking是对的。
8.B fast:快；brief:短暂；quick:快；swift:快。这里有三个表示“快”的英文词，肯定不是合适的选项。另外，紧随其后的短语是重复，其中有longer(更长一点)这个词，这就提醒我们应该用brief这个词。
9.A make:制造；cause:使得；do:干；form:形成。make senses是“说得通的意思，是固定的用法。”
10.C这四个都是介词。responsible后面跟for。
11.D normal:正常的；ordinary:普通的；weak:弱；strong:强。And是个并立词。主意并立词要求所衔接的词、词组或句子在语义上能匹配。可以看出"strong and healthy"是匹配的，但是"weak and healthy"就不匹配。
12.D这事同一个词表现出的不同形态变化。Link后面的to是介词to而不是不定式to,因此须用cheating。
13.B must:必须；might:可能；have to:必须；should:应该。女人根据男人的特征选择伴侣这只是一个因素，因此下结论应该留有余地，用might是比较合适的。
14.A show:显出；tell:告诉；state:陈述；say:说。除shown之外,told、stated或said填入后生成的句子都是错的。
15.B spouse:配偶；fan:狂热仰慕者；partner:配偶；mate:伴侣。我们的世界知识告诉我们，任何人都不可能有数百万的配偶，所以只有fans是合适的选择。