2020年军队职称英语考试《理工类》阅读判断模拟试题第九套

　　Living in space looks like lots of fun. You can do certain things in space (like floating around, or pushing huge objects) that you cannot do on earth. But being in space can do things to you, too. If you stay too long in a gravity-free environment, your bones could become weak, and a small spaceship just might annoy you after a while, because space travel could make you seasick!

　　On July 4, 1982, after seven days orbiting the earth, astronauts Thomas K. Mattingly and Henry W. Hartsfield returned home. Although not all of the experiments on board worked properly, the flight basically seemed to be a success except for one "little" thing: early in the flight, astronaut Hartsfield became "seasick".

　　Thomas Mattingly, who is also a jet pilot and is highly resistant to motion sickness on earth, did much better. Mattingly sailed through space with a steady stomach. But no one knows why Hartsfield felt uneasy and Mattingly did not.

　　So far it seems there is no reliable way to predict who will become motion sick in outer space and who will not. in all, at least four astronauts have suffered from space motion sickness. Russian and American scientists are working together to try to understand and solve the motion sickness. Space program officials worry that if so many highly-trained pilots get sick in space, what will happen when civilians start flying in the shuttle?

　　Motion sickness is a disagreeable feeling that comes from the pitching, rolling, swaying, or just the moving of the object you are riding in or on. Symptoms of motion sickness include: dizziness, headache, a sinking feeling in the stomach, and vomiting.

　　Why does motion make some people ill?

　　Doctors believe that motion sickness is caused by a disturbance in the inner ear. Our ears do more than give us hearing. A part of the ears gives us a sense of balance and helps make us aware of whether we are right side up or upside down.

　　If you know that you get carsick or seasick, what can you do?

　　Speak to your doctor. There are certain medicines available that can help stop that uneasy feeling. But many of them can also make you sleepy. Usually they work best taken before you begin feeling ill.

　　Some people also recommend water, ice cubes, mints, or plain toast. But these remedies do not always work for everyone.

　　Perhaps, since motion sickness is such a big problem in outer space, researchers may soon find a way to cure the astronauts - and those of us who stay on earth.

　　16 Floating in space for too long a time may also do harm to one's lungs and heart.

　　A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

　　17 At the end of the flight, Hartsfield became "seasick".

　　A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

　　18 Mattingly was much thinner than Hartsfield.

　　A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

　　19 Russian and American scientists are working together to solve the problem of motion sickness in astronauts.

　　A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

　　20 Untrained civilians are more likely to suffer from motion sickness in a spacecraft

　　A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

　　21 The motion sickness some astronauts suffered from during space travel had been caused by the defective digestive system.

　　A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

　　22 People suffering from motion sickness during space travel can alleviate its symptoms by eating or drinking something.

　　A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

　　【参考答案】1. C2. B3. C4. A5. A6. B7. C

　　Only special plants can survive the terrible climate of a desert， for these are regions where the annual range of the soil temperature can be over 75℃. Furthermore， during the summer there are few clouds in the sky to protect plants from the sun's ray. Another problem is the fact that there are frequently strong winds which drive small， sharp particles of sand into the plants， tearing and damaging them. The most difficult problem for all forms of plant life， however， is the fact that the entire annual rainfall occurs during a few days or weeks in spring.

　　Grasses and flowers in desert survive from one year to the next by existing through the long， hot， dry season in the form of seeds. These seeds remain inactive unless the right amount of rain falls. If no rain falls， or if insufficient rain falls， they wait until the next year， or even still the next. Another factor that helps these plants to survive is the fact that their life cycles are short. By the time that the water from the spring rains disappears —— just a few weeks after it falls —— such plants no longer need any.

　　The perennials have special features which enable them to survive as plants for several years. Thus， nearly all desert perennials have extensive root systems below ground and a small shoot system above ground. The large root network enables the plant to absorb as much water as possible in a short time. The small shoot system， on the other hand， considerably limits water loss by evaporation.

　　Another feature of many desert perennials is that after the rainy season they lose their leaves in preparation for the long， dry season， just as trees in wetter climates lose theirs in preparation for the winter. This reduces their water loss by evaporation during the dry season. Then， in next rainy season， they come fully alive once more， and grow new branches， leaves and flowers， just as the grasses and flowers in desert do.

　　16. Ordinary plants are unable to survive in the desert mainly because of the changeable weather.

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　17. Grasses and flowers in desert are able to survive because they stay in the form of seeds to wait for the right amount of water to come.

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　18. Grasses and flowers in the desert whose life cycles are short shows their ability to adapt to the quick disappearance of rainwater there after it falls in spring.

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　19. Winter is the toughest season for grasses and flowers to survive in desert

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　20. The shoot system of perennials can help the plants absorb less of the sun's ray.

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　21. The theme of the second last paragraph is why the perennials can survive as plants for several years.

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　22. Desert perennials lose their leaves after the rainy season just as trees lose theirs in wetter climates before winter arrives， but the reasons for this feature are

　　different.

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　【参考答案】16. B17. A18. A19. C20. B 21. A22. B