2020年军队职称英语卫生类A级概括大意模拟练习(4)

来源：长理培训发布时间：2020-05-18 22:24:51

　　Facts about Stroke

　　1　Every 45 seconds,someone in America has a stroke.Every 3.1 minutes,someone dies of one.Stroke killed an estimated 167,661 people in 2000 and is the nation's third leading cause of death,ranking behind diseases of the heart and all forms of cancer.Stroke is a leading cause of serious,long-term disability in the United States.

　　2　Stroke is a type of cardiovascular(心血管的)disease.It affects the arteries(动脉)leading to and within the brain.A stroke occurs when a blood vessel that carries oxygen and nutrients(营养物)to the brain is either blocked by a clot(凝块)or bursts.When that happens,part of the brain cannot get the blood(and oxygen)it needs,so it starts to die.

　　3　The brain is an extremely complex organ that controls various body functions.If a stroke occurs and blood flow can't reach the region that controls a particular body function,that part of the body won't work as it should.If the stroke occurs toward the back of the brain,for instance,it's likely that some disability involving vision will result.The effects of a stroke depend primarily on the location of the obstruction(阻塞)and the extent of brain tissue affected.

　　4　The American Stroke Association has identified several factors that increase the risk of stroke.The more risk factors a person has,the greater the chance that he or she will have a stroke.Some of these you can't control,such as increasing age,family health history,race,and prior stroke.But you can change or treat other risk factors to lower your risk.Factors resulting from lifestyle or environment can be modified with a healthcare provider's help.Some of these include:high blood pressure,current smoking,heart disease,and high red blood cell count.

　　5　A stroke can happen to anyone at any moment.In fact about 600,000 people have strokes every year.For many years,there was no hope for those suffering a stroke.However,recent breakthroughs have led to new treatments.For the treatments to work,the person must get to a hospital immediately

　　23.Paragraph 2__________.

　　24.Paragraph 3__________.

　　25.Paragraph 4__________.

　　26.Paragraph 5__________.

　　A　Effects of a stroke

　　B　Annual cost of stroke in the US

　　C　Definition and description of a stroke

　　D　Breakthroughs in treatment

　　E　Risk factors of stroke

　　F　Warning signs of a stroke

　　27.When a stroke occurs,the arteries leading to and within the brain__________.

　　28.A person's vision is likely to be affected if a stroke__________.

　　29.Some people can reduce their risk of stroke if they__________.

　　30.New treatments are now available to people who__________.

　　A　suffer from a stroke

　　B　will be affected

　　C　change their lifestyles

　　D　will take place

　　E　occurs at the back of his/her brain

　　F　controls various body functions

　　答案：23.C　24.A　25.E　26.D　27.B　28.E　29.C　30.A

　　1. Children enjoy shouting at a high wall and hearing the sound come back to them. These sounds are called echoes (回声). Echoes have given us a number of valuable tools.

　　2. Echo sounding devices were early used in making maps of the ocean floor. Sounds or ultrasonic (超声的) sounds make good tools for determining how deep the water is under ships. Sometimes echoes from ultrasonic distance finding devices were prevented from working by fish swimming past or by the presence of large objects. So ultrasonic devices have been replaced by other tools.

　　3. Radar is now a familiar tool. Like many others it was an unexpected discovery. It was first observed by two researchers， who were studying sound communication. They were sending signals from a station on one side of a river in Washington，

　　D IC. to a vehicle across the river. They discovered that their signals were stopped by passing ships. They recognized the importance of this discovery at once.

　　4. All this was of course just a start， from which our present radar has developed. The word "radar，" in fact， gets its name from the term "radio detection (检测) and ranging." "Ranging" is the term for detection of the distance between an object and the radar set. Today， in our scientific age， it would be difficult to manage without radar.

　　5. One of the many uses of radar is as a speed control device on highways. When a person in an automobile is driving faster than the speed limit， radar will show this clearly and the traffic police can take measures to stop him.

　　6. A pilot cannot fly a plane by sight alone. Many conditions such as flying at night and landing in dense fog require the pilot to use radar. Human eyes are not very good at determining speeds of approaching objects， but radar can show the pilot how fast nearby planes are moving.

　　23 Paragraph 2

　　24 Paragraph 3

　　25 Paragraph 4

　　26 Paragraph 5

　　A Study of Sound

　　B Highway Police

　　C Working Principles

　　D Early Use of "Radar"

　　E Useful Tools

　　F Discovery by Chance

　　27 Echo-sounding devices were early used to

　　28 Ultrasonic device were used to