2020年军队称英语考试《综合类A》补全短文模拟练习三

　　Heat Is Killer

　　Extremely hot weather is common in many parts of the world.Although hot weather just makes most people feel hot,it can cause serious medical problems — even death.Floods,storms,volcano eruptions and other natural disasters kill thousands of people every year.(l) .Experts say heat may be nature's deadliestkiller.Recently,extreme heat was blamed for killing more than one hundred people in India.It is reported that the total heat of a hot day or several days can affect health.( 2) .Experts say heat waves often become dangerous when the nighttime temperature does not drop much from the highest daytime temperature.This causes great stress on the human body.

　　(3) .Stay out of the sun,if possible.Drink lots of cool water.Wear light colored clothing made of natural materials;avoid wearing synthetic clothing.Make sure the clothing is loose，permitting freedom of movement1.And learn the danger signs of the medical problems,such as headache and vomiting,that are linked to heat.(4) .The pain is a warning that the body is becoming too hot.Doctors say those suffering headache or muscle pain should stop all activity and rest in a cool place and drink cool liquids.Do not return to physical activity3 for a few hours because more serious conditions could develop.

　　Doctors say some peoples face an increased danger from heat stress.(5).

　　Hot weather also increases dangers for people who must take medicine for high blood pressure4，poor blood flow，nervousness or depression.

　　词汇：

　　eruption .爆发，喷发 vomit 呕吐

　　deadly 致命的 muscle肌肉 synthetic 合成的

　　注释：

　　1.Make sure the clothing is loose,permitting freedom of movement.衣月艮——定要宽松，以便活动自如。make sure意为“确信，保证”，其后面从句的谓语要用一般现在时。一如:Make sure the door is locked before you leave0 permitting freedom of movement是分词短语，用做目的状语。

　　2.The pain is a warning that the body is becoming too hot.疼痛是一个警告，说明你的身体过热。that the body is becoming too hot 是同位语从句，与 warning 同位，说明warning的内容

　　3.physical activity：体力活动

　　4.Hot weather also increases dangers for people who must take medicine for high blood pressure ...炎热天气对于那些必须服药以控制血压的人，…也增加了危险性。

　　练习：

　　A.Such persons have a weak or damaged heart,high blood pressure,or other problems of the blood system.

　　B.Several of these conditions are present at the same time.

　　C.Most people suffer only muscle pain as a result of heat stress.

　　D.Several hot days are considered a heat wave.

　　E.So does extreme heat.

　　F.Doctors say people can do many things to protect themselves from the dangers of extreme heat.

　　答案与题解：

　　1.E本文&标题是Heat Is Killer,通篇文章说的是heat的危害性及预防方法。“空1”前面的 句子是，"Floods，storms,volcano eruptions and other natural events kill thousands of people every year"，“空 1”后面的句子是，“…heat may be nature's deadliest killer”。所以这里应将最致命的杀手E提出。

　　2.D “空2”后面的句子说到heat waves,而选项D的句子中也出现heat wave,说明这两个句 子意思上有联系。“空2”的句子是对“heatwave”下定义，为下一句的展开作了铺垫。D是答案。

　　3.F第一段末尾说，白天的热浪，如果到夜晚没有降温，会给身体带来巨大压力，这是很危险 的。第二段就列举了许多保护自己免受高温伤害的方法。“空3”的句子应该是位于段首的 概括句。选项F说人们有多种办法保护自己，完全符合要求，因此是答案。

　　4.C紧跟“空4”后面句子中有特指的the pain,说明前文一定出现过pain这个词。选项C 的句子中有pain，且C的句子填入后，上下文意思连贯，所以是答案。

　　5.A “空5”前面的句子意思为：某些人在热浪期间特别危险。读者或许会问，是哪些人呢? 选项A回答了这个问题，所以是答案。

　　译文：高温杀手

　　世界各地常常会出现高温天气。别以为高温仅仅让人们感觉炎热，实际上它还会引发疾 病——甚至死亡。每年数苄万人死于洪水、风暴、火山喷发和其他自然灾害。极热天气也是如此。 专家指出，高温可能是大自然最致命的杀手。近来，印度有一百多人死于高温天气。据报道，一 天或七天里遭受持续高温的袭击将影响健康。持续几天的高温被称为热浪。专家?K，白天的热浪， 如果到夜晚没有降温，:会给身体带来巨大压力，这是很危险的。

　　Ants as a Barometer of Ecological Change

　　At picnics,ants are pests.But they have their uses.In industries1 such as mining,farming and forestry,they can help gauge the health of the environment by just crawling around and being antsy.

　　It has been recognized for decades2 that ants一which are highly sensitive to ecological change一can provide a near-perfect barometer of the state of an ecosystem.Only certain species,for instance,will continue to thrive at a forest site that has been cleared of trees._____(1)_____ And still others will move in and take up residence.

　　By looking at which species populate a deforested area,scientists can determine how "stressed" the land is._____(2)_____Ants are used simply because they are so commonand comprise so many species.

　　Where mine sites are being restored,for example,some ant species will recolonize the stripped land quickly than others._____(3)_____Australian mining company Capricorn Coal Management has been successfully using ant surveys for years to determine the rate of recovery of land that it is replanting near its German Creek mine in Queensland.

　　Ant surveys also have been used with mine-site recovery projects in Africa and Brazil,where warm climates encourage dense and diverse ant populations." We found it worked extremely well there." says Jonathan Majer,a professor of environmental biology.Yet the surveys are perfectly suited to climates throughout Asia,he says,because ants are so common throughout the region.As Majer puts it:"That's the great thing about ants3."

　　Ant surveys are so highly-regarded as ecological indicators that governments worldwide accepttheir results when assessing the environmental impact of mining and tree harvesting4._____(4)_____

　　Why not? Because many companies can't afford the expense or the laboratory time needed to sift results for a comprehensive survey.The cost stems,also,from the scarcity of ant specialists._____(5)_____

　　词汇：

　　ecological 生态学的 barometer 气压计 forestry 林业

　　gauge 测定，测量 antsy 坐立不安的 ecosystem 生态系统

　　populate 居住 deforest 采伐树林，清除树林

　　recolonize 再度移民到 sift 详审 scarcity 缺乏，不足

　　注释：

　　1.industries:行业

　　2.for decades：有几十年。for后接复数的时间词是常用结构，如for days,for years等。本文第四段还会出现for years。

　　3.That's the great thing about ants.great thing指前一句的ants are so common throughout the region.

　　4.tree harvesting：伐木

　　练习：

　　A This allowed scientists to gauge the pace and progress of the ecological recovery.

　　B Yet in other businesses,such as farming and property development,ant surveys aren't used widely.

　　C Employing those people are expensive.

　　D They do this by sorting the ants,counting their numbers and comparing the results with those of earlier surveys.

　　E The evolution of ant species may have a strong impact on our ecosystem.

　　F Others will die out for lack of food.

　　答案与题解：

　　1.F “空1”前面的句子有certain species，后面的句子有still others，这一定是英语中的“some/ certain一others一still others”的固定结构。仅从这一点判断，F是答案。

　　2.D 决定哪个句子填入“空2"的一个方法是排除法。选项A、B,C,F(F已选为“空1”的答案)的内容与“空2”前后的句子意思上都不连贯。选项E有些突如其来。只有选项D符合上下文的意思。this：指前面句子中的can determine how "stressed" the land is。

　　3.A 选项A中的ecological recovery与前面一句中的recolonize相呼应，提示选项A的句子是前面句子的后续句。

　　4.B 选项B中的关键词。ther businesses,farming,property提示，选项B的句子是前面句子的后续句，因为前面句子有mining ,tree harvesting，也是businesses。蚂蚁分析法已被mining和tree harvesting等行业广泛接受，但在farming和property行业中的应用还不普遍。

　　5.C 本题的答案很自然会选C，因为scarcity，当然就贵了。此外，those指的是前一句的specialists，进一步证明选项C是正确的。