2020年军队职称英语考试卫生类阅读理解练习二

来源：长理培训发布时间：2020-05-17 22:23:06

　　Eat Healthy

　　"Clean your plate!" and "Be a member of the clean-plate -club!" Just about every kid in the US has heard this from a parent or grandparent. Often，it's accompanied by an appeal:" Just think about those starving orphans in Africa!" Sure, we should be grateful for every bite of food. Unfortunately, many people in the US take too many bites. Instead of staying "clean the plate", perhaps we should save some food for tomorrow.

　　According to news reports, US restaurants are partly to blame for the growing bellies. A waiter puts a plate of food in front of each customer, with two to four times the amount recommended by the government, according to a USA Today story. Americans traditionally associate quantity with value and most restaurants try to give them that. They prefer to have customers complain about too much food rather than too little.

　　Barbara Rolls, a nutrition professor at Pennsylvania State University, told USA Today that restaurant portion sizes began to grow in the 1970s, the same time that the American waistline began to expand.

　　Health experts have tried to get many restaurants to serve smaller portions. Now, apparently，some customers are calling for this too. The restaurant industry trade magazine QSR reported last month that 57 percent of more than 4,000 people surveyed believe restaurants serve portions that are too large; 23 percent had no opinion; 20 percent disagreed. But a closer look at the survey indicates that many Americans who can't afford fine dining still prefer large portions. Seventy percent of those earning at least $150,000 per year prefer smaller portions; but only 45 percent of those earning less than $25,000 want smaller.

　　It's not that working class Americans don't want to eat healthy. It's just that，after long hours at low-paying jobs，getting less on their plate hardly seems like a good deal. They live from paycheck to paycheck ，happy to save a little money for next year's Christmas presents.

　　练习：

　　1. Parents in the United States tend to ask their children

　　A to save food.

　　B to wash the dishes.

　　C not to waste food.

　　D not to eat too much

　　2. Why do American restaurants serve large portions?

　　A Because Americans associate quantity with value.

　　B Because Americans have big bellies.

　　C Because Americans are good eaters.

　　D Because Americans are greedy.

　　3. What happened in the 1970s?

　　A The US government recommended the amount of food a restaurant gave to a customer.

　　B Health experts persuaded restaurants to serve smaller portions.

　　C The United States produced more grain than needed.

　　D The American waistline started to expand.

　　4. What does the survey indicate?

　　A Many poor Americans want large portions.

　　B Twenty percent Americans want smaller portions.

　　C Fifty seven percent Americans earn $150 ,000 per year.

　　D Twenty three percent Americans earn less than $25,000 per year.

　　5. Which of the following is Not true of working class Americans?

　　A They work long hours.

　　B They live from paycheck to paycheck.

　　C They don't want to be healthy eaters.

　　D They want to save money for their children

　　参考答案:1. C 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. C

　　My mother knew how to knit (编织), but she never taught me. She assumed, as did many women of her generation, that knitting was no longer a skill worth passing down from mother to daughter. A combination of feminism (女权主义) and consumerism (消费主义) made many women feel that such homely accomplishments were now out of date. My Grandmother still knitted, though, and every Christmas she made a pair of socks for my brother and me, of red wool. They were the ones we wore under our ice skates (冰鞋), when it was really important to have warm feet.

　　Knitting is a nervous habit that happens to be productive. It helped me quit smoking by giving my hands something else to do. It is wonderful for depression because no matter what else happens, you are creating something beautiful. Time spent in front of the television or just sitting is no longer time wasted.

　　I love breathing life into the patterns. It's true magic, finding a neglected, dog-eared old book with the perfect snowflake design, buying the same Germantown wool my grandmother used, in the exact blue to match my daughter's eyes; taking it on the train with me every day for two months, working enthusiastically to get it done by Christmas, staying up late after the stockings are filled to sew in the sleeves and weave in the ends.

　　Knitting has taught me patience. I know that if I just keep going, even if it takes months, there will be a reward. When I make a mistake, I know that anger will not fix it, that I just have to go back and take out the stitches (针脚) between and start over again.

　　People often ask if I would do it for money, and the answer is always a definite no. In the first place, you could not pay me enough for the hours I put into a sweater. But more important, this is an activity I keep separate from such considerations. I knit to cover my children and other people I love in warmth and color. I knit to give them something earthly that money could never buy.

　　Knitting gives my life an alternative rhythm to the daily deadline. By day I can write about Northern Ireland or the New York City Police Department and get paid for it, but on the train home, surrounded by people with laptops, I stage my little rebellion: I take out my old knitting bag and join the centuries of women who have knitted for love.

　　1 Why did many women feel that knitting was out of date?

　　A Because their mothers didn't teach them.

　　B Because they were influenced by feminism and consumerism

　　C Because they were feminists.

　　D Because they were consumerists.

　　2 The author wore the red socks her grandmother had knitted for her

　　A when she went to school.

　　B when she went sightseeing.

　　C when she celebrated Christmas.

　　D when she went skating.

　　3 The word "quit" in Paragraph 2 is closest meaning to

　　A "give up".