2020年军队职称英语综合类语法重点汇总二

　　(四)第四句型：主语 + 及物动词 + 双宾语

　　有些动词(主要是"授予动词")后面需要或可以接双宾语结构，如：give, write, buy, send, make等

　　You may send him an E-mail or write him a letter.

　　这个句子也可使用以下结构：

　　You may send an E-mail (to him) or write a letter to him. 所以 "to" 和 "for" 是连接双宾语结构的重要介词。

　　该句型的重点是要记住以下短语，特别是所用的介词：

　　to cure … of(治愈…)

　　to accuse …of(谴责…)

　　to convince… of(说服…)

　　to inform… of(通知…)

　　to notify… of (通知…)

　　to clean… of (清除…)

　　to warn…… of / against (警告…)

　　to cheat… of(欺骗)

　　to rob… of(抢劫…)

　　例如：

　　We have to inform the family of the patient's condition as soon as possible. / Have the family been informed of the patient's condition? (我们得尽快将病人的病情通知其家属。/ 已经将病人的病情通知其家人了吗?)

　　注意下面句子的结构变化：

　　May I ask you a question? → May I ask a question of you?

　　直接和间接宾语的位置与上面短语有何不同?

　　量词使用中应注意的几个问题：

　　1) 分清可数名词和不可数名词是前提;

　　2) 不要把量词的形式搞混淆了：下面哪个表达形式是对的?

　　A. A lot students have come back from the summer holiday.

　　B. A few of the students have come back from the summer holiday.

　　C. A great many of students have come back from the summer holiday.

　　D. Many a student has have come back from the summer holiday.

　　E. The number of students have come back from the summer holiday.

　　F. A number of students have come back from the summer holiday.

　　以上六个表达方式中只有F 是对的。为什么?

　　A. a lot students → a lot of students

　　B. a few of the students → a few students

　　C. a great many of students → a great many students

　　D. Many a student has come back from the summer holiday.

　　E. The number of 表示数目，如：The number of the students in our class is 50.

　　A number of 表示"一些"，"不少"，认真对比一下，看出问题来了吗?

　　问多少钱、多少重量时用：How much…?问距离时用：How far is it from…to…?

　　9、单位词的使用

　　(1) 不可数名词表示多少，一般用much, (a) little, a lot of, enough 等词表达，要数1，2，3，4…时要用"量词"表达，最常用的是a piece of (news, advice, furniture, information…)。

　　(2) 成双成对的名词一般用复数，如：a pair of trousers (裤子) / scissors(剪刀) / glasses (spectacles)(眼镜) / pliers(钳子)

　　(3) a couple of表示一对，或2-3…，如：a couple of days / people / things

　　(4) 记住以下量词表达方式：

　　a loaf (two loafs) of bread (一个(两个)面包)

　　a burst of laughter(一阵笑声)

　　a fit of anger / chill(一阵发怒 / 发冷)

　　a game of chess (一盘棋)

　　a lump of sugar (一块方糖)

　　10、其他应注意的数的表达形式

　　1)a three-year-old boy 比较The boy is three years old

　　2) five thousand people / several thousand people比较 thousands of people

　　表达具体数字时，thousand不加 "s"，后面不加 "of "; ten, million, billion情况以此类推。

　　3) One-third of the students have passed College English Test Band IV.

　　Two-thirds of the students have passed College English Test Band IV.

　　One-third of the population in this area is living below the poverty line.

　　(这个地区有1/3人口生活在贫困线以下。)

　　注意：几分之几的表达形式;动词的单复数由后面的名词数决定。

　　4) a looker-on 比较two lookers-on(旁观者) / a brother-in-law比较two brothers-in-law(姻亲兄弟)

　　5) my father, together with (along with / with / as well as my mother and brothers) 结构中，主语作单数处理，即my father.