2015教师资格证考试初中英语知识点六：现在完成时

构成：肯定句：主语+助动词have+动词过去分词-ed

否定句：主语+助动词have+not+动词过去分词-ed

一般疑问句：Have+ 主语+动词过去分词-ed+?

特殊疑问句：疑问词+have+ 主语+动词过去分词-ed+?

用法：

1.表示说话之前已完成的动作，而且这个动作的结果对现在是情况仍有影响。常被just,already,yet 等副词修饰。

Mr. Wang has just come back from America. 王先生刚从美国回来。

2.现在完成时还可用来表示过去发生的动作一直延续到现在，常带有for或since 等表示一段时间的状语。

如：Mr Wang has lived here since 1983.

3.现在完成时瞬间动词即终止性动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。

常见终止性动词与延续性动词 的对应关系如下:

come / go / arrive / get / reach / move--- be in/at

open --- be open die --- be dead

close --- be closed become ---be

borrow --- keep put on --- wear

buy --- have leave ----- be away

begin / start ----- be on fall asleep ---- be asleep

end/finish ----- be over catch a cold ----- have a cold

join the army ---- be in the army, be a soldier

join the Party---- be in the Party , be a Party member

例：吉姆买这支已有两年了。

Jim bought this pen two years ago.

Jim has had this pen for two years.

Jim has had this pen since two years ago.

Jim has had this pen since 2012。

It is two years since Jim bought this pen.