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and, but 和 however 三个词都在句中起连接作用。现就它们的用法浅析如下:
一 . and 作并列连词用。
1. 用来连接两个相同的句子成分。这两个句子成分可以是单词、短语或分句。 and 连接两个分句时,分句本身都有自己的主语。如果第二个分句的主语与第一个分句的主语相同,则第二个分句中的主语可以省略。例如:
( 1 ) When and where were you born? 你出生在何时何地?
( 2 ) John and Tom are our good friends. 约翰和汤姆都是我们的好朋友。
( 3 ) You are so big and the jar is so small that it could hardly hold one of your feet.
你的个子这么大,坛子这么小,甚至连人的一只脚也容纳不下。
( 4 ) She looked at Mr Hare and went on. 她看了看野兔先生,然后继续向前走。
2. 用 and 连接两个相同的词,意在强调或表示动作多次反复。例如:
( 5 ) They talked and talked until late at night. 他们谈啊,谈啊,一直谈到深夜。
( 6 ) There are books and books on the shelf. 书架上除了书还是书。
3. 当 and 用来连接两个动词时, and 后面的动词在意义上表示目的。在美国口语中, go (or come) and see 中的 and 一般都被省略。例如:
( 7 ) Go and (= to) tell him the news. 你去把这个消息告诉他。
( 8 ) Try and (= to ) get the work done today. 要设法在今天干完这项工作。
( 9 ) I'll write and thank him. 我将写信感谢他。
( 10 ) You'd better go (and) see a doctor. 你最好去看看医生。
二 . but 作为并列连词,在意义上起转折作用。 but 前后的两个句子或短语在意义上形成鲜明对照。 but 用来连接两个分句或两个较长的短语时, but 前面一般要加逗号。例如:
( 11 ) He is old but strong. 他年纪虽大却很强壮。
( 12 ) Learning the guitar isn't difficult, but you will have to practise.
学弹吉他并不难,但是你得练习。
( 13 ) He tried, but could not do it. 他试过,但是干不了。
三 . however 意为“可是,然而,尽管”,较 but 的意味弱,通常用作连接性状语。其位置可以在句首,句末或插入句中。当其被用来对照两个分句时,中间需要有一个逗号;当它被用作句子的插入语时,则前后应各有一个逗号。例如:
( 14 ) However, we need not do that now. 可是,我们现在不需要做那个。
( 15 ) He said it was so; he was mistaken, however. 他说是那样的,然而他却弄错了。
( 16 ) His friends, however, had other ideas. 然而他的朋友们却另有见解。
注: however 也可用作连接副词,意为“不论怎样”,用来引导让步状证从句。例如:
However we may do it, it will be a difficult job. 无论雪下得多大,我们都必须回去。
练习:用 but, and 和 however 填空:
1. I'd like to go with you, ________, my hands are full.
2. I'm sorry, ________ I won't be able to come tonight.
3. We must finish the job in time ________ hard it is.
4. They will supply food ________ drink on Saturday.
5. It looked like rain. ________, it is clear now.
6. Building has started ______ the project will be finished by 2000.
Key: 1. however 2. but 3. however 4. and 5. However 6. and
责编:杨粟梅
上一篇: 初中英语 副词及其基本用法-初中英语
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